Gabriel Lamé in the context of "Curvilinear"

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👉 Gabriel Lamé in the context of Curvilinear

In geometry, curvilinear coordinates are a coordinate system for Euclidean space in which the coordinate lines may be curved. These coordinates may be derived from a set of Cartesian coordinates by using a transformation that is locally invertible (a one-to-one map) at each point. This means that one can convert a point given in a Cartesian coordinate system to its curvilinear coordinates and back. The name curvilinear coordinates, coined by the French mathematician Lamé, derives from the fact that the coordinate surfaces of the curvilinear systems are curved.

Well-known examples of curvilinear coordinate systems in three-dimensional Euclidean space (R) are cylindrical and spherical coordinates. A Cartesian coordinate surface in this space is a coordinate plane; for example z = 0 defines the x-y plane. In the same space, the coordinate surface r = 1 in spherical coordinates is the surface of a unit sphere, which is curved. The formalism of curvilinear coordinates provides a unified and general description of the standard coordinate systems.

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Gabriel Lamé in the context of Superellipse

A superellipse, also known as a Lamé curve after Gabriel Lamé, is a closed curve resembling the ellipse, retaining the geometric features of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis, and symmetry about them, but defined by an equation that allows for various shapes between a rectangle and an ellipse.

In two dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, a superellipse is defined as the set of all points on the curve that satisfy the equationwhere and are positive numbers referred to as semi-diameters or semi-axes of the superellipse, and is a positive parameter that defines the shape. When , the superellipse is an ordinary ellipse. For , the shape is more rectangular with rounded corners, and for , it is more pointed.

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