In the fields of Big Bang theory and cosmology, reionization is the process that caused electrically neutral atoms in the primordial universe to reionize after the lapse of the "dark ages". Detecting and studying the reionization process is challenging but multiple avenues have been pursued. This reionization was driven by the formation of the first stars and galaxies.
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👉 Epoch of reionization in the context of BoRG-58
BoRG-58 is a galaxy cluster located in the Boötes constellation. It was discovered during a randomized infrared sky scan as part of the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG) program, using the Wide Field Camera 3 of the Hubble Space Telescope. BoRG-58 is located at a distance of 13.1 billion light-years (light-travel time).
In the cluster, more properly defined as a protocluster of galaxies, five young galaxies have been identified whose images date back to an era corresponding to when the Universe was only 600 million years old from the Big Bang. This phase coincides with the epoch of reionization, the period during which the hydrogen of the gas present in the Universe passed from an almost completely neutral state to being almost completely ionized. These five galaxies were small in size, about 1/20 of the Milky Way, but nevertheless had a luminosity comparable to it.