Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia in the context of "Passport Island"

Eastern Arabia, also known as Greater Bahrain or Bahrain Region (Arabic: ٱلْبَحْرَيْن, romanized: Al-Baḥrayn), is a historical region encompassing the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula stretching from Basra to Khasab along the coast of the Persian Gulf. It includes parts of the modern-day states of Bahrain, Iraq (Basra Governorate), Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia (Eastern Province), and the United Arab Emirates. The entire coastal strip of Eastern Arabia was known as "Bahrain" for a millennium.

Until very recently, the whole of Eastern Arabia, from the Shatt al-Arab to the mountains of Oman, was a place where people moved around, settled and married unconcerned by national borders. The people of Eastern Arabia shared a culture based on the sea, as seafaring peoples.

Al-Ahsa Oasis (Arabic: الْأَحْسَاء, al-ʾAhsā), also known as al-Ḥasāʾ (الْحَسَا) or Hajar (هَجَر), is an oasis and historical region in eastern Saudi Arabia. Al-Ahsa Governorate, which makes up much of the country's Eastern Province, is named after it. The oasis is located about 60 km (37 miles) inland from the coast of the Arabian Gulf. Al-Ahsa Oasis comprises four main cities and 22 villages. The cities include Al-Mubarraz and Al-Hofuf, two of the largest cities in Saudi Arabia.

Qatif (Arabic: ٱلْقَطِيف‎, romanized: al-Qaṭīf) is a governorate located in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. It extends from Ras Tanura and Jubail in the north to Dammam in the south, and from the Arabian Gulf in the east to King Fahd International Airport in the west, The governorate includes three major cities Qatif City, Safwa City, and Saihat City along with numerous towns, villages, and the island of Tarout. Each city and town has its own sub-municipality operating under the main municipality

Qatif is one of the oldest settlements in the Arabian Peninsula; its history goes back to 3500 BC, more than 5,000 years ago, and was a key part of the Eastern Arabia also known as Greater Bahrain which was called Dilmun at that time and the Sumerians knew it as the land of paradise, immortality.

Al Khobar (Arabic: ٱلْخُبَر, romanized: al-Khobar) is a city and governorate in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, situated on the coast of the Persian Gulf. With a population of 409,549 in the city core and 658,550 in the governorate, as of 2022, Khobar forms part of the Dammam metropolitan area along with Dammam and Dhahran, making up the residential core of Saudi Arabia's Persian Gulf region.

The city was founded alongside Dammam by the Dawasir, who moved there in 1923 fearing British persecution with the permission of King Abdulaziz Al Saud. Khobar experienced rapid growth during and after the discovery of oil in Saudi Arabia as it served as the port for the oil exports of Saudi Aramco in the company's early days. Traditionally, Khobar has also been a city of shopkeepers and merchants, and today has several shopping malls in and around it.

Al Bin Ali (Arabic: آل بن علي) is a Sunni Arab sub-tribal confederation based in the Arab states, especially Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, and the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

The Al bin Ali Al Utbi Tribe is a descendant of the original Utub tribe which conquered Bahrain. The vast majority of members of the Al Bin Ali clan stem either from the Bani Sulaim or Al-Maadeed tribes.

The Riyadh Province (Arabic: منطقة الرياض Manṭiqat ar-Riyāḍ) is a province of Saudi Arabia, located in the geographic center of the country and the center of the Arabian Peninsula. It has an area of 404,240 km (156,080 sq mi) and with a 2022 population of 8,591,748, it is the second-largest region by area, behind the Eastern Province and the largest by population. The capital governorate of the province is the Riyadh Governorate and it is named after the capital of the kingdom, Riyadh, which is the most populous city in the region and the kingdom, with a little less than two-thirds of the population of the region residing within the city. The province was governed for nearly five decades by Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz from 1963 to 2011 shortly before he became the Crown Prince in 2012. Currently, it is governed by Prince Faisal bin Bandar.

Other populous cities in the region include Al Ghat, Dawadmi, Afif, Zulfi and Majma'ah. Approximately half of the region's area is desert, and it only borders other regions of the kingdom; it has no international borders. The region borders, clockwise from the north, the Eastern Province, Najran Province, ʽAsir Province, Mecca Province, Medina Province and the Al-Qassim Province. It is one of the seven regions of the kingdom that do not have a coastline.

The Dammam metropolitan area (Arabic: حاضرة الدمام) or Greater Dammam metropolitan area (Arabic: حاضرة الدمام الكبرى), is the largest metropolitan area in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. It consists of the three governorates comprising the 'Triplet Cities' of Dammam, Khobar, and Dhahran, along with the neighboring governorates of Qatif and Ras Tanura. It had a population of 2,805,632 as of the 2022 census.

The metropolitan area is central to the Saudi economy. Dammam No. 7 (now known as Prosperity Well), the first commercial oil well in Saudi Arabia, was dug in the area and led to the foundation of Saudi Aramco, one of the cornerstones of the global oil industry and one of the world's largest companies, now headquartered in Dhahran. The metropolitan area is also known for its influence in the arts, entertainment, music, and sports industries, along with a longstanding tradition of pearl culturing. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches with a recreational coastline to the Arab Gulf.

Dammam (Arabic: الدمام, romanized: ad-Dammām) is an industrial port city and the seat of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Located on the coast of the Arabian Gulf, it had a population of 1,386,166 as of 2022, making it the country's fifth-largest city after Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca, and Medina. Dammam forms the core of the Dammam metropolitan area, also known as Greater Dammam, which includes the neighboring governorates of Khobar and Qatif. As of 2022, the metropolitan area's population was 2,743,318, making it the third-largest in the country.