Deucalion in the context of "Parian Chronicle"

A flood myth or a deluge myth is a myth in which a great flood, usually sent by a deity or deities, destroys civilization, often in an act of divine retribution. Parallels are often drawn between the flood waters of these myths and the primeval cosmic ocean which appear in certain creation myths, as the flood waters are described as a measure for the cleansing of humanity, for example in preparation for rebirth. Most flood myths also contain a culture hero, who "represents the human craving for life".

The oldest known narrative of a divinely inititated flood originates from the Sumerian culture in Mesopotamia, among others expressed in the Akkadian Atra-Hasis epic, which dates to the 18th century BCE. Comparable flood narratives appear in many other cultures, including the biblical Genesis flood narrative, manvantara-sandhya in Hinduism, Deucalion in Greek mythology, and in indigenous North American cultures.

In Greek mythology, Hellen (/ˈhɛlɪn/ ; Ancient Greek: Ἕλλην, romanized: Héllēn) is the eponymous progenitor of the Hellenes. He is the son of Deucalion (or Zeus) and Pyrrha, and the father of three sons, Dorus, Xuthus, and Aeolus, by whom he is the ancestor of the Greek peoples.

A protoplast, from ancient Greek πρωτόπλαστος (prōtóplastos, "first-formed"), in a religious context initially referred to the first human or, more generally, to the first organized body of progenitors of humankind (as in Adam and Eve or Manu and Shatrupa), or of surviving humanity after a cataclysm (as in Deucalion or Noah).

In Greek mythology, Prometheus (/prəˈmiːθiəs/; Ancient Greek: Προμηθεύς [promɛːtʰéu̯s]) is a Titan responsible for creating or aiding humanity in its earliest days. He defied the Olympian gods by taking fire from them and giving it to humanity in the form of technology, knowledge and, more generally, civilization.

In some versions of the myth, Prometheus is also credited with the creation of humanity from clay. He is known for his intelligence and for being a champion of mankind and is also generally seen as the author of the human arts and sciences. He is sometimes presented as the father of Deucalion, the hero of the flood story.

In Greek mythology, Opus (Ancient Greek: Ὀπόεις) may refer to the following characters:

• Opus I, king of the Epeians and son of Zeus by Protogeneia, daughter of Deucalion. Opus was the father of Cambyse or Protogeneia who was carried off by Zeus to Mt. Maenalus in Arcadia where she bore a son, the below Opus who was then adopted by Locrus as his own child, for the latter was barren.
• Opus II, son of Locrus or Zeus by Cabya or Cambyse and thus a grandson of Opus I. From him, a portion of the Locris derived their name Opuntii. Locrus gave Opus a city and a people to govern and strangers came to him from Argos, Thebes, Arcadia and Pisa. But among the settlers, he chiefly honored the son of Actor and Aegina, Menoetius who became the father of Patroclus. In some accounts, after a quarrel between Opus and his father Locrus, the former took a great number of the citizens with him and went to seek an oracle about transplanting a new colony. The oracle told him to build a city where he should chance to be bitten by a wooden dog, and as he was crossing to the other sea, Opus trod upon a cynosbatus (a sweet brier). Greatly troubled by the wound, he spent several days there, during which he explored the country and found the cities Physcus and Oeantheia and the other cities which the so-called Ozolian Locrians inhabited. Opus was the father of Cynus, father of Hodoedocus, father of Oileus, father of Ajax the Lesser.

Protogeneia (/ˌprɒtə.dʒəˈnaɪə/; Ancient Greek: Πρωτογένεια means "the firstborn"), in Greek mythology, may refer to:

• Protogeneia, a Phthian princess as the daughter of King Deucalion of Thessaly and Pyrrha, mythological progenitors of the Hellenes. She was the sister of Hellen and Amphictyon, and possibly of Thyia and Pandora II, Melantho (Melanthea) and Candybus. By Zeus, Protogeneia became the mother of Opus, Aethlius, Aetolus and possibly of Dorus.
• Protogeneia, also called Cambyse, daughter of the above Opus. Zeus carried her off from the land of the Epeans and became by her, on mount Maenalus in Arcadia, the father of Opus II. She was later received by Locrus who for being childless, married Protogeneia and adopted her son Opus as his own.
• Protogeneia, a Calydonian princess as the daughter of King Calydon and Aeolia, daughter of Amythaon, and thus sister to Epicaste. By Ares, Protogeneia became the mother of Oxylus of Aetolia.
• Protogeneia, an Athenian princess as the eldest of the daughters of King Erechtheus and probably Praxithea, daughter of Phrasimus and Diogeneia. She and her sister Pandora committed suicide when Erechtheus sacrificed Chthonia, another sister of theirs. Protogeneia's other sisters were Procris, Creusa, Oreithyia, Merope while her possible brothers were Cecrops, Pandorus, Metion, Orneus, Thespius, Eupalamus and Sicyon.

Aetolus (/iːˈtoʊləs/; Ancient Greek: Αἰτωλός Aitolos) was, in Greek mythology, a son of Endymion, great-great-grandson of Deucalion, and a Naiad nymph (Neis), or Iphianassa.

In Greek mythology, Chromia (/ˈkroʊmiə/; Ancient Greek: Χρωμία, Khrōmía) was the daughter of Itonus, son of Amphictyon, himself son of Deucalion. She was also, in some traditions, the mother of Aetolus, Paeon, Epeius and Eurycyda by Endymion.

The poem Endymion, a Tale of Greece, by Henry B. Hirst (1848) is a modern retelling of the legend of Endymion and Chromia.

In Greek mythology, the name Clymene or Klymene (/ˈklɪmɪniː, ˈklaɪ-/; Ancient Greek: Κλυμένη Kluménē 'fame') may refer to:

• Clymene, the wife of the Titan Iapetus, was one of the 3,000 Oceanids, the daughters of the Titans Oceanus and his sister-spouse Tethys. She was the mother of Atlas, Epimetheus, Prometheus, and Menoetius; other authors relate the same of her sister Asia. A less common genealogy makes Clymene the mother of Deucalion by Prometheus. She may also be the Clymene referred to as the mother of Mnemosyne by Zeus. In some myths, Clymene was one of the nymphs in the train of Cyrene.
• Clymene, another Oceanid, was given as the wife to King Merops of Aethiopia and was, by Helios, the mother of Phaethon and the Heliades.