The Decree of Sovereignty of the Chechen Republic (Russian: Указ президента Чеченской Республики о государственном суверенитете Чеченской Республики, lit. 'Decree of the President of the Chechen Republic on the state sovereignty of the Chechen Republic') was a formal declaration of independence for the Checheno-Ingush ASSR. Between 1991 and 2000 Chechnya was de facto an independent state as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. The declaration was issued on 1 November 1991, by the head of the All-National Congress of the Chechen People, Dzokhar Dudayev.
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👉 Declaration of Sovereignty of the Chechen Republic in the context of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (/ɪtʃˈkɛriə/ itch-KERR-ee-ə; Chechen: Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, romanized: Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; Russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия, romanized: Chechenskaya Respublika Ichkeriya; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, was a de facto state in Eastern Europe. It controlled most of the former Checheno-Ingush ASSR from 1991 to 2000 and has been a government-in-exile since.
In September–October 1991, supporters of Dzhokhar Dudayev seized power in Chechnya in the Chechen Revolution. Dudayev was subsequently elected as Chechnya's president and in this new position, he proclaimed Chechnya's independence from Russia. The move was welcomed by Georgia's president Zviad Gamsakhurdia, who was one of the first to congratulate Dudayev with victory and attended his inauguration as president in Grozny. While Chechnya did not receive backing from the international community, it received support and attention from Georgia, which became its only gateway to the outside world that was not controlled by Moscow. Close ties between Gamsakhurdia and Dudayev led to Russian officials, including Alexander Rutskoy, accusing Georgia of "fomenting unrest in the [Chechen autonomous] republic".