Constitution of Indonesia in the context of Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia)

The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, MPR-RI) is the Supreme legislative body in Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of a lower body, the House of Representatives (DPR) and an upper body, the Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the Highest Governing Body in Indonesia.

In accordance with Law No. 16/1960, the assembly was formed after the general election in 1971. It was decided at that time that the membership of the Assembly would be twice that of the House.

Education in Indonesia falls under the responsibility of the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah, or Kemendikdasmen), the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology (Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi, Sains, dan Teknologi, or Kemendikti Saintek) and the Ministry of Religious Affairs (Kementerian Agama, or Kemenag). In Indonesia, all citizens must undertake twelve years of compulsory education. This consists of six years at elementary level and three years each at the middle and high school levels. Islamic, Christian, Hindu, Buddhist and Confuscian schools are under the responsibility of the Ministry of Religious Affairs.

Education is defined as a planned effort to establish a study environment and educational process so that the student may actively develop their own potential in various domains. The Constitution also notes that there are two types of education in Indonesia: formal and non-formal. Formal education is further divided into three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary education.

6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E / 6.21028°S 106.80000°E / -6.21028; 106.80000The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).

The politics of Indonesia take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral People's Consultative Assembly. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.

The 1945 constitution provided for a limited separation of executive, legislative and judicial power. The governmental system has been described as "presidential with parliamentary characteristics". Indonesia was democratic upon independence, but became authoritarian in 1957 under Sukarno. It remained authoritarian under his successor Suharto until the Indonesian riots of May 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto, which led to the restoration of democracy in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, a Regional House of Representatives (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat da'erah], lit. 'Regional People's Representative Council', abbr. DPRD, Indonesian: [de'peɛrde]) is the unicameral legislative body of an Indonesian national subdivision, at either the provincial (DPRD I) or at the regency/city (DPRD II) level. They are based on the amended Constitution of Indonesia, which mandated the creation of such bodies for local governance. The legislatures are present in all Indonesian provinces, and all second-level subdivisions except for the constituent municipalities of Jakarta.

Throughout Indonesian history, the title of First Lady (Indonesian: Ibu Negara, lit. 'Mother of the State') or, in an instance, First Gentleman (Indonesian: Bapak Negara, lit. 'Father of the State') has been used to refer to the wife or husband of the president of Indonesia. The constitution does not provide for the position in any sense, but it continues to influence Indonesian society significantly, usually in social affairs.

Taufiq Kiemas, husband of President Megawati Sukarnoputri, remains the only first gentleman to date.

The Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesian: Kementerian Dalam Negeri; abbreviated as Kemendagri) is an interior ministry of the government of Indonesia responsible for matters of the state. The ministry was formerly known as the Department of Home Affairs (Departemen Dalam Negeri; Depdagri) until 2010 when the nomenclature of the Department of Home Affairs was changed to the Ministry of Home Affairs in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 3 of 2010 on the Nomenclature of the Ministry of Home Affairs.

The ministry – along with the Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is explicitly mentioned in the constitution of Indonesia. Therefore, the ministry cannot be dissolved by the president.