Central Statistics Office (Ireland) in the context of "2022 census of Ireland"

Modified gross national income (also Modified GNI or GNI*) is a metric used by the Central Statistics Office (Ireland) to measure the Irish economy rather than GNI or GDP. GNI* is GNI minus the depreciation on Intellectual Property, depreciation on leased aircraft and the net factor income of redomiciled PLCs.

While "Inflated GDP-per-capita" due to base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) tools is a feature of tax havens, Ireland was the first to adjust its GDP metrics. Economists, including Eurostat, noted Irish Modified GNI (GNI*) is still distorted by Irish BEPS tools and US multinational tax planning activities in Ireland (e.g. contract manufacturing); and that Irish BEPS tools distort aggregate EU-28 data, and the EU-US trade deficit.

Robert (Roy) Charles Geary (April 11, 1896 – February 8, 1983) was an Irish mathematician, statistician and founder of both the Central Statistics Office and the Economic and Social Research Institute. Geary is known for his contributions to the estimation of errors-in-variables models, Geary's C, the Geary–Khamis dollar, the Stone–Geary utility function, and Geary's theorem, which has that if the sample mean is distributed independently of the sample variance, then the population is distributed normally.

The post-2008 Irish economic downturn in the Republic of Ireland, coincided with a series of banking scandals, followed the 1990s and 2000s Celtic Tiger period of rapid real economic growth fuelled by foreign direct investment, a subsequent property bubble which rendered the real economy uncompetitive, and an expansion in bank lending in the early 2000s. An initial slowdown in economic growth during the 2008 financial crisis greatly intensified in late 2008 and the country fell into recession for the first time since the 1980s. Emigration, as well as unemployment (particularly in the construction sector), escalated to levels not seen since that decade.

The Irish Stock Exchange (ISEQ) general index, which reached a peak of 10,000 points briefly in April 2007, fell to 1,987 points—a 14-year low—on 24 February 2009 (the last time it was under 2,000 being mid-1995). In September 2008, the Irish government—a Fianna Fáil–Green coalition—officially acknowledged the country's descent into recession; a massive jump in unemployment occurred in the following months. Ireland was the first state in the eurozone to enter recession, as declared by the Central Statistics Office (CSO). By January 2009, the number of people living on unemployment benefits had risen to 326,000—the highest monthly level since records began in 1967—and the unemployment rate rose from 6.5% in July 2008 to 14.8% in July 2012. The slumping economy drew 100,000 demonstrators onto the streets of Dublin on 21 February 2009, amid further talk of protests and industrial action.

The Census of Ireland is typically held on a quinquennial basis by the Central Statistics Office to determine the population of the Republic of Ireland. The most recent census was held in 2022. As of November 2022, the next census is planned to occur in 2027. Prior to the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, censuses covered the entire island of Ireland as part of the United Kingdom. The last all-Ireland census was the 1911 census of Ireland, no census having taken place in 1921 due to the Irish War of Independence.

This is a list of urban areas in the Republic of Ireland by population. In 2022, the Central Statistics Office (CSO), the Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage and Tailte Éireann created of a new unit of urban geography called Built Up Areas (BUAs) which were used to produce data for urban areas in the 2022 census of Ireland.

There were 867 BUAs, representing the entire settlement area of each town and city (including suburbs and environs). The 250 largest cities, towns and villages are listed below with data from the 2022 census.

The 2016 census of Ireland was held in 2016. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 4,761,865, or a 3.8% increase since the prior 2011 census. This was the lowest recorded population growth rate since the 1991 census, with the decline in population growth rates attributed to both lower birth rates and lower net migration. The census results were released gradually between April and December 2017 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

The following census took place in April 2022, having been delayed for one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.