Cardiology in the context of "Subspecialty"

Physical disorder, as a medical term, is poorly defined, and typically used in contrast to a mental disorder or a genetic disorder. The term mental disorder is heavily used in psychiatric medicine, and is defined in some psychiatric medicine texts, most notably the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). However, the more generic term of medical disorder is poorly defined, and is not mentioned in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, nor many common medical textbooks. Attempts have been made to adopt a more universal definition, but there is no widely agreed upon definition.

A physical disorder is not easily defined as the term "disorder" itself has not yet been defined by any authoritative medical body. The term "disorder" bears no special clinical relevance, and could be used interchangeably with disease. The use of the term "disorder" likely rests on historical precedent as well as the preference of the field. For example, it is common to find examples of diseases named "disorders" in psychiatry and genetics, such as autosomal dominant disorders, but uncommon in cardiology. In general, diseases called "disorders" have a relatively well understood, narrow pathophysiology, such as bipolar disorder, compared to something more generic, such as heart disease. Similarly, disorders are typically not acquired, or the result of environmental factors, such as lung disease.

Radenko Stanković (April 26, 1880 – December 5, 1956) was Regent of Yugoslavia for the underage Peter II from 1934 to 1941, alongside Prince Paul, the head of the regency, and Ivo Perović.

The son of a priest, he was born in Néramogyorós (Leskovica), Austria-Hungary, which today is Lescovița village, Caraș-Severin County, Romania. Leaving his native village while a schoolboy, he attended high school in Novi Sad. He began his university studies at what is now the Innsbruck Medical University and completed them at the University of Vienna, later coming to be known as the father of cardiology in Serbia.

Digoxin (better known as digitalis), sold under the brand name Lanoxin among others, is a medication used to treat various heart conditions. Most frequently it is used for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and heart failure. Digoxin is one of the oldest medications used in the field of cardiology. It works by increasing myocardial contractility, increasing stroke volume and blood pressure, reducing heart rate, and somewhat extending the time frame of the contraction. Digoxin is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. Digoxin has a half life of approximately 36 hours given at average doses in patients with normal renal function. It is excreted mostly unchanged in the urine.

Common side effects include breast enlargement with other side effects generally due to an excessive dose. These side effects may include loss of appetite, nausea, trouble seeing, confusion, and an irregular heartbeat. Greater care is required in older people and those with poor kidney function. It is unclear whether use during pregnancy is safe.

A fellowship is the period of medical training in the United States and Canada that a physician, dentist, or veterinarian may undertake after completing a specialty training program (residency). During this time (usually more than one year), the trainee is known as a fellow or fellow physician. Fellows are capable of acting as an attending physician or a consultant physician in the specialist field in which they were trained, such as internal medicine or pediatrics. After completing a fellowship in the relevant sub-specialty, the physician is permitted to practice without direct supervision by other physicians in that sub-specialty, such as cardiology or oncology.

Ex vivo (Latin for 'out of the living') refers to biological studies involving tissues, organs, or cells maintained outside their native organism under controlled laboratory conditions. By carefully managing factors such as temperature, oxygenation, nutrient delivery, and perfusing a nutrient solution through the tissue's vasculature, researchers sustain function long enough to conduct experiments that would be difficult or unethical in a living body. Ex vivo models occupy a middle ground between in vitro (lit. 'in the glass') models, which typically use isolated cells, and in vivo (lit. 'in the living') studies conducted inside living organisms.

Ex vivo platforms support pharmacologic screening, toxicology testing, transplant evaluation, developmental biology, and investigations of disease-mechanism research across medicine and biology, from cardiology and neuroscience to dermatology and orthopedics. Because they often use human tissues obtained from clinical procedures or biobanks, they can reduce reliance on live-animal experimentation; their utility, however, is limited by finite viability, incomplete systemic integration, and post-mortem biochemical changes that accumulate over time. The earliest perfusion studies were conducted in the mid-19th century, and subsequent advances in sterilization, imaging, and microfluidics have facilitated broader adoption into the 20th and 21st centuries. Regulatory oversight depends on specimen origin: human ex vivo research is subject to informed consent, whereas animal-derived models fall under institutional animal care guidelines.

Cardio (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardia, 'heart') may refer to:

• Of the Heart
• Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular system
• Cardiovascular fitness
• Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio
• Cardio (album), a 2010 album by Miguel Bosé

GE Healthcare Technologies, Inc. is an American health technology company based in Chicago, Illinois. The company, which stylizes its own name as GE HealthCare, operates four divisions: Medical imaging, which includes molecular imaging, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, women’s health screening and X-ray systems; Ultrasound; Patient Care Solutions, which is focused on remote patient monitoring, anesthesia and respiratory care, diagnostic cardiology, and infant care; and Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, which manufactures contrast agents and radiopharmaceuticals.

GE HealthCare's primary customers are hospitals and health networks. In 2023, the company received 42% of its revenue in the United States and 13% of its revenue from China, where the company faces increasing competition.

An isochrone map in geography and urban planning is a map that depicts the area accessible from a point within a certain time threshold. An isochrone (iso = equal, chrone = time) is defined as "a line drawn on a map connecting points at which something occurs or arrives at the same time". In hydrology and transportation planning isochrone maps are commonly used to depict areas of equal travel time. The term is also used in cardiology as a tool to visually detect abnormalities using body surface distribution.