CGS in the context of "Debye"

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👉 CGS in the context of Debye

The debye (/dɪˈb/ dib-EYE, Dutch: [dəˈbɛiə]; symbol: D) is a CGS unit (a non-SI metric unit) of electric dipole moment named in honour of the physicist Peter J. W. Debye. It is defined as 10 statcoulomb-centimetres. Historically the debye was defined as the dipole moment resulting from two charges of opposite sign but an equal magnitude of 10 statcoulomb (generally called e.s.u. (electrostatic unit) in older scientific literature), which were separated by 1 ångström. This gave a convenient unit for molecular dipole moments.

Typical dipole moments for simple diatomic molecules are in the range of 0 to 11 D. Molecules with symmetry point groups or containing inversion symmetry do not have a permanent dipole moment, while highly ionic molecular species have a very large dipole moment, e.g. gas-phase potassium bromide, KBr, with a dipole moment of 10.41 D. A proton and an electron 1 Å apart have a dipole moment of 4.8 D.

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CGS in the context of Illuminance

In photometry, illuminance is the total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area. It is a measure of how much the incident light illuminates the surface, wavelength-weighted by the luminosity function to correlate with human brightness perception. Similarly, luminous emittance is the luminous flux per unit area emitted from a surface. Luminous emittance is also known as luminous exitance.

In SI units illuminance is measured in lux (lx), or equivalently in lumens per square metre (lm·m). Luminous exitance is measured in lm·m only, not lux. In the CGS system, the unit of illuminance is the phot, which is equal to 10000 lux. The foot-candle is a non-metric unit of illuminance that is used in photography.

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CGS in the context of Microgram

In the metric system, a microgram or microgramme is a unit of mass equal to one millionth (1×10) of a gram. Two different abbreviations are commonly used. The International System of Units (SI) uses μg, where the SI prefix "micro-" is represented by the Greek letter μ (mu). The abbreviation mcg is preferred for medical information in the United States (US), but prescription writing guidance in the United Kingdom advises that "microgram" should not be abbreviated. A third abbreviation, the Greek letter γ (gamma), is no longer recommended.The US Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommend that mcg should be used, rather than μg, when communicating medical information. This is due to the risk that μ might be misread as m, for "milli-", which is equal to one thousandth (1×10). Such a misreading could result in a thousandfold overdose of a drug or medicine. However, mcg is also the symbol for the obsolete unit millicentigram, derived from the centimetre–gram–second system of units and equal to 10 μg.

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CGS in the context of Jean-Baptiste Biot

Jean-Baptiste Biot (/ˈb, ˈbj/; French: [ʒɑ̃ batist bjo]; 21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.

The biot (a CGS unit of electrical current), the mineral biotite, and Cape Biot in eastern Greenland were named in his honour.

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CGS in the context of Solar flux units

The solar flux unit (sfu) is a non-SI unit of spectral flux density often used in solar radio observations, such as the F10.7 solar activity index. It is equivalent to 10 watts per square metre per hertz (SI), 10 ergs per second per square centimetre per hertz (CGS), and 10 Jansky.

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