Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem in the context of "Church of the Holy Sepulchre"

The Armenian Quarter (Armenian: Հայոց թաղ, romanized: Hayots t'agh; Arabic: حارة الأرمن, romanized: Ḥāraṫ al-Arman; Hebrew: הרובע הארמני, romanized: Ha-Rova ha-Armeni) is one of the four sectors of the walled Old City of Jerusalem. Located in the southwestern corner of the Old City, it can be accessed through the Zion Gate and Jaffa Gate. It occupies an area of 0.126 km² (126 dunam), which is 14% of the Old City's total. In 2007, it had a population of 2,424 (6.55% of Old City's total). In both criteria, it is comparable to the Jewish Quarter. The Armenian Quarter is separated from the Christian Quarter by David Street (Suq el-Bazaar) and from the Jewish Quarter by Habad Street (Suq el-Husur).

The Armenian presence in Jerusalem dates back to the 4th century CE, when Armenia adopted Christianity as a national religion and Armenian monks settled in Jerusalem. Hence, it is considered the oldest living diaspora community outside the Armenian homeland. Gradually, the quarter developed around the St. James Monastery—which dominates the quarter—and took its modern shape by the 19th century. The monastery houses the Armenian Apostolic Church's Jerusalem Patriarchate, which was established as a diocese in the 7th century CE. The patriarchate is the de facto administrator of the quarter and acts as a "mini-welfare state" for the approximately 2,000 Armenian residents.

The Cathedral of Saint James (Armenian: Սրբոց Յակոբեանց Վանք Հայոց, Arabic: كاتدرائية القديس يعقوب للأرمن) is a 12th-century Armenian church in the Armenian Quarter of Jerusalem, near the quarter's entry Zion Gate. The cathedral is dedicated to two of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus: James, son of Zebedee (James the Greater) and James the brother of Jesus (James the Just). It is located near the Church of the Holy Archangels.

It is the principal church of the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem, also known as the Armenian Patriarchate of Saint James.

Patriarch Nourhan Manougian (Armenian: Ամենապատիւ Տէր Նուրհան Արքեպիսկոպոս Մանուկեան Երուսաղէմի Հայ Պատրիարք; born 24 June 1948) is the 97th Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem serving the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem of the Armenian Apostolic Church. He is the 97th in the succession of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem, succeeding Patriarch Torkom Manoogian, who served for 22 years (1990–2012). Manougian was elected as Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem on 24 January 2013.

In 638, the Armenian Apostolic Church began appointing its own bishop of Jerusalem. In the early 14th century these bishops came to be known as patriarchs. The office has continued, with some interruptions, to this day.

The bishop at the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem is given the title of Patriarch in deference to Jerusalem's holy status within Christianity and has an independent jurisdiction from the Catholicos of All Armenians. The Patriarch's title is "His Beatitude".

Patriarch Torkom Manoogian (Armenian: Թորգոմ Մանուկեան; 16 February 1919 – 12 October 2012) was the Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem serving the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem. He was the 96th in a succession of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem, succeeding Patriarch Yeghishe Derderian (1960–1990).