Archaerhodopsin in the context of "Microbial rhodopsin"

Play Trivia Questions online!

 or

Skip to study material about Archaerhodopsin in the context of "Microbial rhodopsin"
Ad spacer

⭐ Core Definition: Archaerhodopsin

Archaerhodopsin proteins are a family of retinal-containing photoreceptors found in the archaea genera Halobacterium and Halorubrum. Like the homologous bacteriorhodopsin (bR) protein, archaerhodopsins harvest energy from sunlight to pump H ions out of the cell, establishing a proton motive force that is used for ATP synthesis. They have some structural similarities to the mammalian G protein-coupled receptor protein rhodopsin, but are not true homologs.

Archaerhodopsins differ from bR in that the claret membrane, in which they are expressed, includes bacterioruberin, a second chromophore thought to protect against photobleaching. Also, bR lacks the omega loop structure observed at the N-terminus of the structures of several archaerhodopsins.

↓ Menu

>>>PUT SHARE BUTTONS HERE<<<

👉 Archaerhodopsin in the context of Microbial rhodopsin

Microbial rhodopsins, also known as bacterial rhodopsins, are retinal-binding proteins that provide light-dependent ion transport and sensory functions in halophilic and other bacteria. They are integral membrane proteins with seven transmembrane helices, the last of which contains the attachment point (a conserved lysine) for retinal. Most microbial rhodopsins pump inwards, however "mirror rhodopsins" which function outwards have been discovered.

This protein family includes light-driven proton pumps, ion pumps and ion channels, as well as light sensors. For example, the proteins from halobacteria include bacteriorhodopsin and archaerhodopsin, which are light-driven proton pumps; halorhodopsin, a light-driven chloride pump; and sensory rhodopsin, which mediates both photoattractant (in the red) and photophobic (in the ultra-violet) responses. Proteins from other bacteria include proteorhodopsin.

↓ Explore More Topics
In this Dossier
LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Microbial rhodopsin
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Protein family → Retinal → Receptor protein → Archaea → Genera → Halobacterium → Halorubrum → Bacteriorhodopsin → Adenosine triphosphate → G protein-coupled receptor → Rhodopsin → Bacterioruberin → Chromophore → Photobleaching → Omega loop →