South Africa did not compete at Olympic Games from 1964 to 1988, as a part of the sporting boycott of South Africa during the apartheid era. The South African National Olympic Committee (NOC) was expelled from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1970. In 1991, as part of the transition to multiracial equality, South Africa was re-admitted to the IOC, and competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona.
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👉 Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of 1964 Summer Olympics
The 1964 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XVIII Olympiad and commonly known as Tokyo 1964, were an international multi-sport event held from 10 to 24 October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo had been awarded the organization of the 1940 Summer Olympics, but this honor was subsequently passed to Helsinki due to Japan's invasion of China, before ultimately being cancelled due to World War II. The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were the first Olympic Games held in the city and, as of 2021, the only ones to have spectators, as the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were conducted without spectators due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Tokyo was chosen as the host city during the 55th IOC Session in West Germany on 26 May 1959.
The 1964 Summer Games were the first Olympics held in Asia, and marked the first time South Africa was excluded for using its apartheid system in sports. Until 1960, South Africa had fielded segregated teams, conforming to the country's racial classifications; for the 1964 Games the International Olympic Committee demanded a multi-racial delegation to be sent, and after South Africa refused, they were excluded from participating. The country was, however, allowed to compete at the 1964 Summer Paralympics, also held in Tokyo, its Paralympic Games debut.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics
- 👉 Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of 1964 Summer Olympics
- Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of South Africa at the Olympics
- Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of South Africa at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of South Africa at the Olympics
South Africa first participated at the Olympic Games in 1904, and sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games until 1960. After the passage of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1761 in 1962 in response to South Africa's policy of apartheid, the nation was barred from the Games.After the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa commenced in 1990, the nation re-joined the Olympic movement. The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee was created in 1991, and South Africa returned to the Games at the 1992 Summer Olympics (and the 1992 Summer Paralympics). South Africa also participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, and since 1994.South African athletes have won a total of 95 medals, with athletics, boxing, and swimming as the top medal-producing sports.
Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics in the context of South Africa at the 1992 Summer Olympics
South Africa competed at the Summer Olympic Games for the first time since 1960 at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. South Africa was permitted to re-join the Olympic Movement after its white citizens voted to abolish apartheid. 93 competitors, 68 men and 25 women, took part in 87 events in 19 sports.