Anti-Armenian sentiment, also known as anti-Armenianism and Armenophobia, encompasses a wide-ranging spectrum of hostile attitudes and expressions of negative feelings (e.g., fear, aversion, derision, suspiciousness, dislike, etc.), as well as overt racism, harmful stereotypes, and/or prejudice towards Armenians, Armenia, and Armenian culture.
Historically, anti-Armenianism has manifested itself in several ways, ranging from expressions of hatred or of discrimination against individuals of Armenian ethnic background to organized pogroms by mobs or state-sanctioned genocide. Historically, the most destructive and lethal instances of Armenophobia include the Hamidian massacres (1894–1897), the Adana massacre (1909), the Armenian genocide (1915), the Sumgait pogrom (1988), and Operation Ring (1991).
