Agilulf (c. 555 – April 616), also known as the Thuringian, was a Duke of Turin and king of the Lombards from 591 until his death. A relative of his predecessor Authari, Agilulf was of Thuringian origin and belonged to the Anawas clan.
He is sometimes referred to as dux Turingorum de Taurinis, suggesting that he was a prominent leader among the Thuringians who had joined the Lombards following the fall of their kingdom to the Franks in 531.
Arioald was the Lombard king of Italy from 626 to 636. Duke of Turin, he married the princess Gundeberga, daughter of King Agilulf and his queen Theodelinda. He was, unlike his father-in-law, an Arian who did not accept Catholicism.
Arioald deposed Agilulf's heir Adaloald with the support of the nobility, for Adaloald had gone mad. Upon becoming king, he had his wife locked up in a monastery, accusing her of plotting against him with Tasson, duke of Friuli. He also reestablished Arianism in the Lombard kingdom. His only recorded wars were against the Avars, whom he succeeded in repelling during an attempted invasion of northeast Italy.
The Bavarian dynasty refers to those kings of the Lombards who were descended from Garibald I of Bavaria, a member of the Agilolfing dynasty and duke of Bavaria. They came to rule the Lombards through Garibald's daughter, Theodelinda, who married King Authari in 588. The Bavarians (Italian: Bavaresi) were effectively a branch of the Agilolfings, and can be divided into two lines: the female line, descended through Theodelinda, and the male line, through Garibald's son Gundoald.
Of the female line, only Adaloald—Theodelinda's son by her second husband, Agilulf—reigned. Her son-in-law Arioald, husband of her daughter Gundeberga, also became king.
Theodelinda, also spelled Theudelinde (c. 570 – 628 AD), was a queen of the Lombards through marriage to two successive Lombard kings, Authari and Agilulf. She later served as regent of the Kingdom of the Lombards during the minority of her son, Adaloald, and as co-regent after he came of age, from 616 to 626. For well over thirty years, she wielded considerable influence throughout the Lombard realm, which encompassed much of Italy between the Apennines and the Alps.
Adaloald (c. 602–628) was the Lombard king of Italy from 616 to 626.
He was son and heir of King Agilulf and his Catholic queen Theodelinda. He was baptised shortly after his birth in 602; the abbot Secundus of Non (later historian) was his godfather. He was an associate king, raised on the shield by the warriors at his father's request, when still young. Upon becoming sole king as a teenager, he reigned with his mother serving as regent. In his History of the Lombards, Paul the Deacon reports that many churches were renovated and many donations to holy sites were made under their joint reign.
Secundus of Trent or Secundus of Non authored History of the Acts of the Langobards, up to 612.
Secundus is first mentioned in the letters of Pope Gregory I for January 596, at which time Secundus served archbishop Marinianus of then-Byzantine Ravenna as deacon. In that capacity the Pope wrote to Secundus for diplomatic relations between the Lombard king Agilulf (590–616) and the Exarch.
Duke of Turin was the title of a line of dukes among the Lombards when they ruled Italy in the Early Middle Ages.
Several holders went on to become king, including Agilulf, Raginpert, Arioald and Aripert II.