An independence referendum was held in the Socialist Republic of Macedonia on 8 September 1991, which afterwards proclaimed independence from Yugoslavia. The referendum question read: "Are you for a sovereign and independent state of Macedonia, with a right to enter into any future alliance with the sovereign states of Yugoslavia?" It was approved by 96% of voters, with a turnout of 76%; most ethnic Albanians in the country boycotted the referendum over the latter half of the referendum question. 8 September is celebrated as Independence Day in North Macedonia (formerly just Macedonia).
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👉 1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of Socialist Republic of Macedonia
The Socialist Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: Социјалистичка Република Македонија, romanized: Socijalistička Republika Makedonija), or SR Macedonia, commonly referred to as Socialist Macedonia, Yugoslav Macedonia or simply Macedonia, was one of the six constituent republics of the post-World War II Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and a nation state of the Macedonians. After the transition of the political system to parliamentary democracy in 1990, the Republic changed its official name to Republic of Macedonia in 1991, and with the beginning of the breakup of Yugoslavia, it declared itself an independent country and held a referendum on 8 September 1991 on which a sovereign and independent state of Macedonia, with a right to enter into any alliance with sovereign states of Yugoslavia was approved.
Geographically, SR Macedonia bordered Albania to the west, Greece to the south and Bulgaria to the east. Within Yugoslavia, it bordered SR Serbia (including SAP Kosovo) to the north. It was one of the two landlocked federal republics, along with SR Serbia.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: 1991 Macedonian independence referendum
- 👉 1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of Socialist Republic of Macedonia
- 1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of Independence Day (North Macedonia)
- 1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of 2001 insurgency in Macedonia
1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of Independence Day (North Macedonia)
Independence Day (Macedonian: Ден на независноста, romanized: Den na nezavisnosta) in North Macedonia is celebrated on 8 September. It has been a national holiday since 1991, when, following a referendum for Independence, SR Macedonia gained its independence from Yugoslavia, where it was a federal state, and became a sovereign parliamentary democracy.
1991 Macedonian independence referendum in the context of 2001 insurgency in Macedonia
The 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) insurgent group, formed from veterans of the Kosovo War and insurgency in the Preševo Valley, attacked Macedonian security forces at the end of January 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement, signed on 13 August of that same year. There were also claims that the NLA ultimately wished to see Albanian-majority areas secede from the country, though high-ranking members of the group have denied this. The conflict lasted throughout most of the year, although overall casualties remained limited to several dozen individuals on either side, according to sources from both sides of the conflict. With it, the Yugoslav Wars had reached the Republic of Macedonia which had achieved peaceful independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.