Çalım Tatar pronunciation: [ɕʌˈlɯm] was a citadel and a staff of Tatar troops, which was constructed during the Kazan War for the restoration of the Khanate of Kazan in 1552-1556. The citadel was constructed by the people under Mameshbirde at the right bank of Volga at the Sundır hill in 1555. It was situated in 160 çaqrım upper than Kazan. In 1556, it was seized by Russian troops and ruined.
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👉 Çalım in the context of Siege of Kazan
The siege of Kazan or Fall of Kazan in 1552 was the final battle of the Russo-Kazan Wars and led to the fall of the Khanate of Kazan. Conflict continued after the fall of Kazan, however, as rebel governments formed in Çalım and Mişätamaq, and a new khan was invited from the Nogais. This guerrilla war lingered until 1556.
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Çalım in the context of Mişätamaq
Mişätamaq /mee-shah-tah-MAHQ/, was a Tatar rebel castle, which was constructed during the Kazan War for the restoration of the Khanate of Kazan in 1552 to 1556. It was built in 1553 in the confluence of Myosha River and Kama River. It was situated 60 km south of Kazan (today Taşkirmän village (?!)). In 1556 the castle was besieged and ruined by troops of Ivan the Terrible.
"Mişätamaq". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.