In computing, a voxel is a representation of a value on a three-dimensional regular grid, akin to the two-dimensional pixel. Voxels are frequently used in the visualization and analysis of medical and scientific data (e.g. geographic information systems (GIS)). Voxels also have technical and artistic applications in video games, largely originating with surface rendering in Outcast (1999). Minecraft (2011) makes use of an entirely voxelated world to allow for a fully destructible and constructable environment. Voxel art, of the sort used in Minecraft and elsewhere, is a style and format of 3D art analogous to pixel art.
As with pixels in a 2D bitmap, voxels themselves do not typically have their position (i.e. coordinates) explicitly encoded with their values. Instead, rendering systems infer the position of a voxel based upon its position relative to other voxels (i.e., its position in the data structure that makes up a single volumetric image). Some volumetric displays use voxels to describe their resolution. For example, a cubic volumetric display might be able to show 512×512×512 (or about 134 million) voxels.