Veraguas in the context of Chiriquí Province

Golfo de los Mosquitos, also called Mosquito Gulf, is a gulf of the Caribbean Sea on the north coast of Panama, extending from the Valiente Peninsula in Bocas del Toro Province, past the north coast of Veraguas to the Colón Province.

Historically this term included the Mosquito Coast which is further north in Nicaragua and Honduras, but in modern usage it refers only to the gulf off the coast of the Panamanian provinces of Bocas del Toro, Veraguas and Colón.

The Ngäbe are an Indigenous people within the territories of present-day Panama and Costa Rica in Central America. The Ngäbe mostly live within the Ngäbe-Buglé comarca in the Western Panamanian provinces of Veraguas, Chiriquí and Bocas del Toro. They also have five Indigenous territories in southwestern Costa Rica, encompassing 23,600 hectares: Coto Brus, Abrojos Montezuma, Conte Burica, Altos de San Antonio and Guaymi de Osa. In the early 21st century, there are approximately 200,000-250,000 speakers of the Ngäbere language.

Guaymí is an outdated name, derived by the Spanish colonists from the Buglere term for this people (guaymiri). Local newspapers and other media often alternatively spell the name Ngäbe as Ngobe or Ngöbe because Spanish does not contain the sound represented by ä, a low-back rounded a, slightly higher than the English aw in the word saw. Spanish speakers hear ä as either an o or an a. Ngäbe means "people" in their native language of Ngäbere. Numerous Ngäbe have migrated to Costa Rica in search of work on the coffee fincas. Ngäbere and Buglere are distinct languages in the Chibchan language family.

The Bokota, also called Bogotá or Bugleres, are an Indigenous people of Panama. They live in Bocas del Toro and north of Veraguas. As the 2010 Census, there were 26,871 Bogota living in Panama. They are the smallest tribe in Panama and live in the west of the country. Traditionally they spoke the Bokota language, a dialect of Buglere.