The Urla-Karaburun-Çeşme Peninsula (Turkish: Urla-Çeşme-Karaburun Yarımadası) also known as the Urla Peninsula (Urla Yarımadası) or the İzmir Peninsula, is a large peninsula in western Turkey, in İzmir Province.
The peninsula extends from İzmir to the west, into the Aegean Sea, and lies opposite the Greek island of Chios. At an area of 171,000 hectares, it is one of the largest peninsulas in Turkey, and its ports, size, and location have given it a strategic role in Turkey's past.
The Karaburun Peninsula is a peninsula in the extreme western end of Turkey, a component of the larger Urla-Karaburun-Çeşme Peninsula. The peninsula carries the same name as the town and ilçe (administrative center), Karaburun, located at a pivotal point in its extremity. It is located west of the city of İzmir, comprised wholly within İzmir Province and is surrounded by the Aegean Sea.
The Karaburun peninsula is bounded on the west by the Chios Strait, on the northeast and east by the İzmir Gulf, and on the south by an isthmus in stretching between the village Balıklıova in the southeast and the Gerence Bay in the southwest. In antiquity, the peninsula was known as Melaena (Μέλαινα) and famed for its millstone quarries.
Çeşme, officially the Çeşme Municipality, is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 285 km, and its population is 48,924 (2022). It sits at Turkey's westernmost end, on a promontory on the tip of the peninsula that also carries the same name and that extends inland to form a whole with the wider Urla-Karaburun-Çeşme Peninsula. It is a popular holiday resort and the district center, where two thirds of the district population is concentrated. Çeşme is located 85 km west of İzmir, the largest metropolitan center in Turkey's Aegean Region. There is a six-lane highway connecting the two cities (Otoyol 32). Çeşme district has two neighboring districts, Karaburun to the north and Urla to the east, both of which are also part of İzmir Province. The name "Çeşme" means "fountain" and possibly draws reference from the many Ottoman fountains that are scattered across the city.