Université Paris-Saclay in the context of Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques

Université Paris-Saclay in the context of Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques

⭐ Core Definition: Université Paris-Saclay

Paris-Saclay University (French: Université Paris-Saclay, pronounced [ynivɛʁsite paʁi saklɛ]) is a combined technological research institute and public research university in Orsay, France. Paris-Saclay was established in 2019 after the merger of four technical grandes écoles, as well as several technological institutes, engineering schools, and research facilities; giving it fifteen constituent colleges with over 48,000 students combined.

With the merger, the French government has explicitly voiced their wish to rival top American technological research institutes, such as MIT. The university has over 275 laboratories in particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, atomic physics and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, theoretical physics, electronics, nanoscience and nanotechnology. It is part of the larger Paris-Saclay cluster, which is a research-intensive academic campus encompassing Paris-Saclay University, the Polytechnic Institute of Paris, combined with a business cluster for high-technology corporations. Paris-Saclay notably also includes the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, where many contributions to the development of modern mathematics have been made, among them modern algebraic geometry and catastrophe theory.

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Université Paris-Saclay in the context of Laniakea Supercluster

The Laniakea Supercluster or Laniakea for short (/ˌlɑːni.əˈkeɪ.ə/; Hawaiian for "open skies" or "immense heaven"), sometimes also called the Local Supercluster (LSC or LS), is the large-scale structure centered around the Great Attractor that is home to the Milky Way and approximately 100,000 other nearby galaxies. It was originally defined in September 2014 as a galaxy supercluster, when a group of astronomers, including R. Brent Tully of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Hélène Courtois of the University of Lyon, Yehuda Hoffman of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Daniel Pomarède of CEA Université Paris-Saclay published a new way of defining superclusters according to the relative velocities of galaxies as basins of attraction. The new definition of the local supercluster subsumes the then prior defined Virgo and Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster as appendages, the former being the prior defined local supercluster.

Follow-up studies suggest that the Laniakea is not gravitationally bound. It will disperse rather than continue to maintain itself as an overdensity relative to surrounding areas. In addition, some papers favored the traditional definition of superclusters as high-density regions of the cosmic web; basins of attraction including Laniakea were therefore proposed to be called "supercluster cocoons" (or "cocoons" for short), containing smaller traditional superclusters, which evolve inside their parent cocoon.

View the full Wikipedia page for Laniakea Supercluster
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← Laniakea Supercluster
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French language → Research institute → Public university → Research university → Orsay → Grandes écoles → Massachusetts Institute of Technology → Particle physics → Nuclear physics → Astrophysics → Atomic physics → Molecular physics → Condensed matter physics → Theoretical physics → Electronics → Nanoscience → Nanotechnology → Paris-Saclay → Research-intensive cluster → Polytechnic Institute of Paris → Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques → Algebraic geometry → Catastrophe theory →