Totalitarian regimes in the context of "Kokkashugi"

Political correctness (adjectivally "politically correct"; commonly abbreviated to P.C.) is a term used to describe language, policies, or measures that are intended to avoid perceived offense or disadvantage to members of particular groups in society. Since the late 1980s, the term has been used to describe a preference for inclusive language and avoidance of language or behavior that can be seen as excluding, marginalizing, or insulting to groups of people disadvantaged or discriminated against, particularly groups defined by ethnicity, sex, gender, sexual orientation, or disability. In public discourse and the media, the term’s use is generally pejorative, with an implication that these policies are excessive or unwarranted. It can also be humorous, or ironic in nature.

The phrase politically correct first appeared in the 1930s, when it was used to describe dogmatic adherence to ideology in totalitarian regimes, such as Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia. Early usage of the term politically correct by leftists in the 1970s and 1980s was as self-critical satire; usage was ironic, rather than a name for a serious political movement. It was considered an in-joke among leftists used to satirise those who were too rigid in their adherence to political orthodoxy. The modern pejorative usage of the term emerged from conservative criticism of the New Left in the late 20th century, with many describing it as a form of censorship.

This article lists forms of government and political systems, which are not mutually exclusive, and often have much in common. According to Yale professor Juan José Linz there are three main types of political systems today: democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with hybrid regimes. Another modern classification system includes monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Scholars generally refer to a dictatorship as either a form of authoritarianism or totalitarianism.

The ancient Greek philosopher Plato discusses in the Republic five types of regimes: aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, and tyranny. The question raised by Plato in the Republic: What kind of state is best? Generational changes informed by new political and cultural beliefs, technological progress, values and morality over millenniums have resulted in considerable shifts in the belief about the origination of political authority, who may participate in matters of state, how people might participate, the determination of what is just, and so forth.

The universe of Star Wars is set in a fictional galaxy that serves as the primary setting for the Star Wars multimedia and film franchise. Originally established by George Lucas as a "galaxy far, far away", it comprises numerous planets, moons, star systems, and species. The galaxy is divided into four broad sub-regions: the Core Worlds, Mid Rim, Outer Rim, and Unknown Regions. Notable planets include Coruscant, an ecumenopolis in the Core that functions as a political and cultural center, and Tatooine, a desert planet located in the Outer Rim. The universe initially encompassed a collection of works recognized as canon by Lucasfilm as part of the official Star Wars storyline. Subsequent expanded material in other media was later rebranded as the Legends universe by Disney, declaring it non-canonical to the official universe.

Within this fictional body exists a variety of intelligent species, including Humans, Twi’leks, Wookiees, Rodians, and Hutts, as well as several major governing bodies throughout galactic history, such as the Galactic Republic, Galactic Empire, Rebel Alliance, New Republic, and First Order. Each of these entities operates under differing political structures, ranging from democratic institutions to totalitarian regimes. Interstellar travel is facilitated by hyperspace, allowing rapid movement between distant star systems. A central metaphysical concept in the Star Wars universe is the Force, an omnipresent energy field that connects all living things. The Force is divided into two principal aspects: the Light Side, traditionally followed by the Jedi Order, and the Dark Side, embraced by the Sith. The universe also features a high level of technological advancement, including starships, droids, and energy-based weapons such as blasters and lightsabers. The timeline of in-universe events is often measured in reference to the Battle of Yavin, a pivotal conflict depicted in the original 1977 film, serving as a chronological anchor for subsequent developments in the franchise.