The Supreme Council of Flanders and Burgundy (Consejo Supremo de Flandes y Borgoña (i.e. Flanders and Burgundy), or simply Consejo de Flandes) was a governing institution in the Spanish Empire responsible for advising the king of Spain on the exercise of his prerogatives in the Spanish Netherlands. This territory comprised most of the modern states of Belgium and Luxembourg, as well as parts of northern France, the southern Netherlands, and western Germany, particularly regarding ecclesiastical nominations, the appointment of high officials, royal pardons, and awards of honours such as knighthoods and noble titles.
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👉 Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of the Indies
The Council of the Indies (Spanish: Consejo de las Indias), officially the Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies (Spanish: Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias, pronounced [reˈal i suˈpɾemo konˈsexo ðe las ˈindjas]), was the most important administrative organ of the Spanish Empire for the Americas and those territories it governed, such as the Spanish East Indies. The Spanish Crown asserted absolute power over the Indies, and the Council of the Indies was the administrative and advisory body to the Crown in respect of those overseas realms. It was established in 1524 by Charles V to administer "the Indies", Spain's name for its territories. Such an administrative entity, on the conciliar model of the Council of Castile, was created following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521, which demonstrated the importance of the Americas. Originally an itinerary council that followed Charles V, it was subsequently established as an autonomous body with legislative, executive and judicial functions by Philip II of Spain and placed in Madrid in 1561.
The Council of the Indies was abolished in 1812 by the Cortes of Cádiz, briefly restored in 1814 by Ferdinand VII, and definitively abolished in 1834 by the regency, acting on behalf of the four-year-old Isabella II.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Supreme Council of Flanders
- 👉 Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of the Indies
- Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Iberian Union
- Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Italy
- Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Castile
- Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Aragon
- Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Portugal
Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Iberian Union
The Iberian Union or the Hispanic Monarchy, describes the period from 1580 to 1640 in which the Monarchy of Spain under the Habsburg dynasty, then the personal union of the crowns of Castile and Aragon, brought in personal union also the Kingdom of Portugal. It incorporated the entire Iberian Peninsula except Andorra, as well as Portuguese and Spanish overseas possessions, under the Spanish Habsburg monarchs Philip II, Philip III, and Philip IV. The union began after the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and the ensuing War of the Portuguese Succession, and lasted until the Portuguese Restoration War, during which the House of Braganza was established as Portugal's new ruling dynasty with the acclamation of John IV as the new king of Portugal.
As a personal union, the Kingdom of Portugal, the Crown of Castile and the states of the Crown of Aragon remained independent states, sharing only a single monarch. The kings from the Spanish branch of the House of Habsburg were the only element that connected the multiple kingdoms and territories, ruled by the six separate government councils of Castile, Aragon, Portugal, Italy, Flanders-Burgundy, and the Indies. For periods, Portugal maintained a viceroy, appointed by the king, although the turnover was often rapid; in the 60 years of the Union, the country had 13 viceroys and four regency councils (see List of viceroys of Portugal). Similar viceroys were appointed in Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia and other kingdoms of the Union. The governments, institutions, and legal traditions of each kingdom remained independent of one another. Alien laws (Leyes de extranjería) determined that a national of one kingdom was a foreigner in all other kingdoms.
Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Italy
The Council of Italy, officially the Royal and Supreme Council of Italy (Spanish: Real y Supremo Consejo de Italia, Italian: Reale e Supremo Consiglio d'Italia), was a ruling body and key part of the government of the Spanish Empire in Europe, second only to the monarch himself. It was based in Madrid and administered the Spanish territories in Italy: the Kingdom of Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Duchy of Milan, State of the Presidi, Marquisate of Finale (until 1713) and other minor territories.
Before the 1556 creation of the Council due to the historical rule of the Crown of Aragon over most of the territories, Spanish possessions in Italy were administered by the Council of Aragon.
Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Castile
The Council of Castile (Spanish: Real y Supremo Consejo de Castilla), known earlier as the Royal Council (Spanish: Consejo Real), was a ruling body and key part of the domestic government of the Crown of Castile, second only to the monarch himself.
It was established in 1480 under Queen Isabella I, as the chief body dealing with administrative and judicial matters of the realm. With the 1516 ascension of Charles I (later Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor) to the throne of both Castile and Aragon, the Royal Council came to be known as the Council of Castile because Charles was king of many dominions other than Castile, while the Council retained responsibility only over Castile.
Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Aragon
The Council of Aragon, officially, the Royal and Supreme Council of Aragon (Spanish: Real y Supremo Consejo de Aragón; Aragonese: Consello d'Aragón; Catalan: Consell Suprem d'Aragó), was a ruling body and key part of the domestic government of the Spanish Empire in Europe, second only to the monarch himself. It administered the Crown of Aragon, which was composed of the Kingdom of Aragon, Principality of Catalonia (including Roussillon until 1659), Kingdom of Valencia, Kingdom of Majorca and Kingdom of Sardinia. The Aragonese possessions in Southern Italy (Naples and Sicily) were later incorporated into the Council of Italy, together with the Duchy of Milan, in 1556. The Council of Aragon ruled these territories as a part of Spain, and later the Iberian Union.
Supreme Council of Flanders in the context of Council of Portugal
The Council of Portugal, officially, the Royal and Supreme Council of Portugal (Portuguese: Real e Supremo Conselho de Portugal;), was the ruling body and a key part of the government of the Kingdom of Portugal during the Iberian Union. The council was founded in 1582 by Philip I of Portugal following the model of the Council of Castile. It provided Portugal with a large degree of autonomy from the House of Habsburg.
Apart from administering the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves, the council administered Portugal's colonial empire.