Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in the context of "Gold standard (test)"

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⭐ Core Definition: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), also termed bacterial overgrowth, or small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SBBOS), is a disorder of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine. Unlike the colon (or large bowel), which is rich with bacteria, the small intestine usually has fewer than 100,000 organisms per millilitre. Patients with SIBO typically develop symptoms which may include nausea, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, malnutrition, weight loss, and malabsorption by various mechanisms.

The diagnosis of SIBO is made by several techniques, with the gold standard being an aspirate from the jejunum that grows more than 10 bacteria per millilitre. Risk factors for the development of SIBO include dysmotility; anatomical disturbances in the bowel, including fistulae, diverticula and blind loops created after surgery, and resection of the ileo-cecal valve; gastroenteritis-induced alterations to the small intestine; and the use of certain medications, including proton pump inhibitors.

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Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in the context of Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms that commonly include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, and changes in the consistency of bowel movements. These symptoms may occur over a long time, sometimes for years. IBS can negatively affect quality of life and may result in missed school or work or reduced productivity at work. Disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS, sometimes developing due to the condition.

The cause of IBS is not known but multiple factors have been proposed to lead to the condition. Theories include combinations of "gut–brain axis" problems, alterations in gut motility, visceral hypersensitivity, infections including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, neurotransmitters, genetic factors, and food sensitivity. Onset may be triggered by a stressful life event, or an intestinal infection. In the latter case, it is called post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.

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LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Irritable bowel syndrome
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
Bacteria → Small intestine → Colon (anatomy) → Nausea → Bloating → Vomiting → Diarrhea → Malnutrition → Weight loss → Malabsorption → Medical diagnosis → Gold standard (test) → Needle aspiration biopsy → Jejunum → Risk factor → Gastrointestinal physiology → Anatomy → Fistula → Diverticula → Blind loop syndrome → Ileo-cecal valve → Gastroenteritis → Proton pump inhibitors →