Constitution of the Year VIII in the context of "Constitution of the Year XII"

⭐ In the context of the Constitution of the Year XII, what significant change did it enact concerning the previous governmental structures established by the Constitutions of the Year VIII and Year X?

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⭐ Core Definition: Constitution of the Year VIII

The Constitution of the Year VIII (French: Constitution de l'an VIII or French: Constitution du 22 frimaire an VIII) was a national constitution of France, adopted on 24 December 1799 (during Year VIII of the French Republican calendar), which established the form of government known as the Consulate. The coup of 18 Brumaire (9 November 1799) had effectively given all power to Napoleon Bonaparte, and in the eyes of some, ended the French Revolution.

After the coup, Napoleon and his allies legitimized his position by crafting a Constitution that would be, in the words of Napoleon, "short and obscure". The constitution tailor-made the position of First Consul to give Napoleon most of the powers of a dictator. It was the first constitution since the 1789 Revolution without a Declaration of Rights.

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👉 Constitution of the Year VIII in the context of Constitution of the Year XII

The Constitution of the Year XII (French: Constitution de l’an XII), also called the Organic SĂ©natus-consulte of 28 FlorĂ©al, year XII (SĂ©natus-consulte organique du 28 florĂ©al an XII), was a national constitution of the First French Republic adopted during the Year XII of the French Revolutionary Calendar (1804 in the Gregorian calendar).

It amended the earlier Constitution of the Year VIII and Constitution of the Year X, establishing the First French Empire with Napoleon Bonaparte — previously First Consul for Life, with wide-ranging powers — as Napoleon I, Emperor of the French. The Constitution established the House of Bonaparte as France's imperial dynasty, making the throne hereditary in Napoleon's family. The Constitution of the Year XII was later itself extensively amended by the Additional Act and definitively abolished with the final return of the Bourbons in 1815.

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Constitution of the Year VIII in the context of Constitution of the Year X

The Constitution of the Year X (French: Constitution de l'an X) was a national constitution of France adopted during the Year X (10) on 16 Thermidor (4 August) of the French Revolutionary Calendar (1802 in the Gregorian calendar). It amended the Constitution of the Year VIII, revising the Consulate to augment Napoleon Bonaparte's authority by making him First Consul for Life.

Both the Constitution of the Year X and the Constitution of the Year VIII were further amended by the Constitution of the Year XII, which established the First French Empire with Napoleon as Emperor.

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Constitution of the Year VIII in the context of Charter of 1815

The Charter of 1815, signed on 22 April 1815, was the French constitution prepared by Benjamin Constant at the request of Napoleon I when he returned from exile on Elba. Officially named the Additional Act to the Constitutions of the Empire, the document extensively amended (in fact virtually replacing) the previous Napoleonic Constitutions (Constitution of the Year VIII, Constitution of the Year X and Constitution of the Year XII). The Additional Act reframed the Napoleonic constitution into something more along the lines of the Bourbon Restoration's Charter of 1814 of Louis XVIII, while otherwise ignoring the Bourbon charter's existence. It was very liberal in spirit, and gave the French people rights which had previously been unknown to them, such as the right to elect the mayor in communes of less than 5,000 in population. Napoleon treated it as a mere continuation of the previous constitutions, and it therefore took the form of an ordinary legislative act "additional to the constitutions of the Empire".

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Constitution of the Year VIII in the context of SĂ©nat conservateur

The SĂ©nat conservateur (French pronunciation: [sena kɔ̃sɛʁvatĆ“Ê], "Conservative Senate") was an advisory body established in France during the Consulate following the French Revolution. It was established in 1799 under the Constitution of the Year VIII following the Napoleon Bonaparte-led Coup of 18 Brumaire. It lasted until 1814 when Napoleon Bonaparte was overthrown and the Bourbon monarchy was restored. The SĂ©nat was a key element in Napoleon's regime.

With the Tribunat and the Corps législatif, the Sénat formed one of the three legislative assemblies of the consulate.

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LINKED FROM (PARENTS)
← Constitution of the Year XII ← Constitution of the Year X ← Charter of 1815 ← SĂ©nat conservateur
LINKS TO (CHILDREN)
French language → Constitution → France → French Republican calendar → French Consulate → Coup d'etat → 18 Brumaire → Napoleon Bonaparte → French Revolution → Dictator →