Qahtanite in the context of "Tribes of Arabia"

The tribes of Arabia (Arabic: القبائل العربية) have inhabited the Arabian Peninsula for thousands of years and traditionally trace their ancestry to one of two forefathers: Adnan, whose descendants originate from West Arabia, North Arabia, East Arabia, and Central Arabia; or Qahtan, whose descendants originate from South Arabia. Further, it is held in the Abrahamic religions—particularly Islam—that the Arab people are descended from Abraham through his son Ishmael.

From the 7th century onward, concurrent with the spread of Islam, many of these tribes' members began migrating and settling in the various regions that were subdued during the early Muslim conquests, including the Levant, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Khuzestan, the Maghreb, and Sudan. This phenomenon triggered a process of Arabization that significantly influenced demographic shifts across most of West Asia and North Africa, culminating in the growth of the Arab population far beyond the Arabian Peninsula.

Adnan (Arabic: عدنان, romanized: ʿAdnān) is traditionally regarded as the patriarch of the Adnanite Arabs, a major Arab lineage that historically inhabited Northern, Western, Eastern, and Central Arabia. The Adnanites are distinct from the Qahtanite Arabs of Southern Arabia, who trace their lineage to Qahtan.

Adnan is considered a direct descendant of the prophet Abraham (Ibrahim) through his son Ishmael (Ismāʿīl). His genealogy is of great significance in Arab and Islamic tradition, as the Islamic prophet Muhammad is said to descend from him. Adnan’s lineage connects him to a broad network of Arab tribes that played a crucial role in pre-Islamic and Islamic history.

The Banū Aws (Arabic: بنو أوس  pronounced [ˈbanuː ʔaws], "Sons of Aws") or simply Aws (Arabic: أوس, also romanised as Aus) was one of the main Arab tribes of Medina. The other was Khazraj, and the two, constituted the Ansar ("Helpers of Muhammad”) after the Hijra.

The Aws tribe descend from the ancient tribe al-Azd, a branch of the Qahtanite Arabs Aws and Khazraj were known as Banū Qayla (بنو قيلة  [ˈbænuː ˈqɑjlæ]) in pre-Islamic era.

The Banu Mustaliq (Arabic: بنو المصطلق) is an Arab tribe. The tribe is a sub-clan of the Banu Khuza'a, descended from Azdi Qahtani. They occupied the territory of Qadid on the Red Sea shore between Jeddah and Rabigh.

Madhḥij (Arabic: مَذْحِج) is a large Qahtanite Arab tribal confederation. It is located in south and central Arabia. This confederation participated in the early Muslim conquests and was a major factor in the conquest of the Persian empire and the Byzantine Empire.

According to some reports, the Islamic prophet Muhammad said that the most people in Paradise will be from Madḥaj. They were described as being the noblest in nature amongst the Arabs, holding up the virtues Islam holds dear. Those of honour, bravery, valour, courage, justice, wisdom, chivalry, reasoning and humility.

Jurhum (Arabic: جرهم, romanized: Jurhum; also Banu Jurhum or The Children of Jurhum) historically referred to as the Goramenoi (Ancient Greek: Γοραμῆνοι) in the 5th century, was a tribe of Arabia associated with Mecca. Muslim texts state that they were succeeded by Qusayy ibn Kilab, the leader of the Quraysh.

They were considered Qahtanites traditionally, whose historical abode was said to be Yemen. Irfan Shahîd wrote that M. al-Iryani printed a Sabaic inscription in 1974 identifying it as a South Arabian tribe; previous theories had suggested they instead were the eponymous residents of Gerrha in Eastern Arabia, which this inscription put to rest.