Princess consort in the context of Lilian, Princess of Réthy

A queen mother is a former queen, often a queen dowager, who is the mother of the reigning monarch. The term has been used in English, since the early 1560s. It arises in hereditary monarchies in Europe and is also used to describe a number of similar yet distinct monarchical concepts in non-European cultures around the world. The rank does not go to all mothers of monarchs though. A mother of a ruling monarch may only be referred to as queen mother if she was a queen consort as opposed to a princess consort.

The consorts of the monarchs of Scotland, such as queens consort, princesses consort, and kings consort, bore titles derived from their marriage. The Kingdom of Scotland was first unified as a state by Kenneth I of Scotland in 843, and ceased to exist as an independent kingdom after the Act of Union 1707 when it was merged with the Kingdom of England to become the Kingdom of Great Britain.

The early history of Scotland is confused and often obscure, due largely to information given by the sources of the time and after, which are often contradictory, vague, and lacking in detail. Details of the kings prior to Malcolm III are sparse, and the status of two – Giric and Eochaid – dubious; details of their wives are almost non-existent. Thus, it is practically impossible to construct a list of consorts of Scotland prior to the accession of Macbeth, whose wife Gruoch is well-documented.

Sophie (born Princess Sophie Helene Cecilie of Schönburg-Waldenburg; 21 May 1885 – 3 February 1936) was Princess of Albania from 7 March to 3 September 1914 as the wife of Prince Wilhelm. In 1906, she married Wilhelm, second son of the Prince of Wied. When her husband became prince of Albania, Sophie became princess consort. However, in Albania, she was referred to as Mbretëreshë, or Queen.

This article lists the consorts of the sovereign prince or princess of Monaco during their reign. Until 1612, the title was held by the spouse of the lord of Monaco.

Since her marriage to Albert II on 1 July 2011, Charlene has been princess consort of Monaco.

Xenia of Tarusa (Russian: Ксения Тарусская) (c. 1246 – 1312), also known as Kseniya Yurievna (Russian: Ксения Юрьевна), (also Ksenia) was a Princess consort of Tver and Grand Princess consort of Vladimir from 1267 to 1271. She is counted among the saints of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Xenia of Tarusa was a daughter of Youri Mikhailovich, Prince of Tarusa.