Physical observation in the context of Primary source

Physical observation in the context of Primary source

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⭐ Core Definition: Physical observation

Observation in the natural sciences refers to the active acquisition of information from a primary source. It involves the act of noticing or perceiving phenomena and gathering data based on direct engagement with the subject of study.

In living organisms, observation typically occurs through the senses. In science, it often extends beyond unaided perception, involving the use of scientific instruments to detect, measure, and record data. This enables the observation of phenomena not accessible to human senses alone.

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⭐ Core Definition: Physical observation
Physical observation in the context of Positive statement

Physical observation in the context of Positive statement

The fact–value distinction is a fundamental epistemological distinction described between:

Statements of fact (positive or descriptive statements), which are based upon reason and observation, and examined via the empirical method.
Statements of value (normative or prescriptive statements), such as good and bad, beauty and ugliness, encompass ethics and aesthetics, and are studied via axiology.

This barrier between fact and value, as construed in epistemology, implies it is impossible to derive ethical claims from factual arguments, or to defend the former using the latter.

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