Pakualaman in the context of "Sultanate of Yogyakarta"

The Special Region of Yogyakarta (English: /ˌjoʊɡjəˈkɑːrtə/; Indonesian: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta; DIY; Javanese: ꦥꦤꦒꦫꦩꦶꦫꦸꦁꦒꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ, romanized: Panagara Mirunggan Ngayogyakarta) is a province-level special region of Indonesia in southern Java. It is a semi-enclave that is surrounded by on the landward side by Central Java Province to the west, north, and east, but has a long coastline on the Indian Ocean to the south.

Co-ruled by the Yogyakarta Sultanate and the Duchy of Pakualaman, the region is the only officially recognized diarchy within the government of Indonesia. The city of Yogyakarta is a popular tourist destination and cultural center of the region. The Yogyakarta Sultanate was established in 1755 and provided unwavering support for Indonesia's independence during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949). As a first-level division in Indonesia, Yogyakarta is governed by Sultan Hamengkubuwono X as the governor and Duke Paku Alam X as the vice governor. With a land area of just 3,170.645 km, it is the second-smallest province-level entity of Indonesia after Jakarta.

Paku Alam X, 10th Duke of Pakualaman (Javanese: ꦦꦏꦸꦄꦭꦩ꧀꧇꧑꧐꧇; born 15 December 1962) is the Duke (Pangeran Adipati) of Pakualaman, a Javanese Principality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. He succeeded as Paku Alam upon the death of the previous ruler, his father Paku Alam IX, who died on 21 November 2015. He was formally crowned with the Royal Javanese title of Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya (KGPAA) Paku Alam X on 7 January 2016, and as stated in the National Constitution, on 25 May 2016, He was sworn and appointed as the hereditary Vice-Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region.

This is the list of governors of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia. Due to its root in the Yogyakarta Sultanate and Pakualaman Principality, the 5 September 1945 joint statement regarding their integration into Indonesia, and the great contribution of the royal realms in the Indonesia National Revolution, the former royal realms is formally granted the status of special province since 1950.

Based on Act No.13 (2012) on Specialty of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, since 2012 the government of Indonesia formally recognized the reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta as the hereditary Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region and the reigning Prince of Paku Alam as the hereditary Vice Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region (Article 18 Paragraph 1c). The terms for both offices are limited to 5 years per period (Article 25 Paragraph 1), but not bounded by term limits that is normally applied to such public office (Article 25 Paragraph 2), effectively allowing the reigning monarch of each royal house to hold their position for life and pass it to their successor.

Paku Alam VIII, 8th Duke of Pakualaman (10 April 1910 – 11 September 1998) was Duke of Pakualaman serving as the second Governor of Yogyakarta. He was the son of Paku Alam VII and Gusti Bendara Raden Ayu Retno Poewoso. His child's name was Gusti Raden Mas Harya Sularso Kunto Suratno and his adult name was Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Prabu.

He acceded to the throne of the Duchy of Pakualaman (Kadipaten Pakualaman) on 12 April 1937 with the official name Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Paku Alam VIII. The Pakualaman dates from 1812 and is an enclave within the Yogyakarta Sultanate.

This is a list of noble titles commonly used at the Surakarta and Yogyakarta courts, including the Mangkunegaran and Pakualaman palaces. As the symbols and centres of Javanese culture, the sovereigns of both these courts still hold high esteem in Javanese society and Indonesian society in general. The Princely Families are still known by their noble titles. Many people with distant familial relations to the Palaces also use noble titles, which sometimes are included in the official register of the names. Abdi dalem with prominent stature are also granted titles. The sovereigns also still grant titles to certain persons deemed helpful in maintaining Javanese traditions and the dignity of the royal courts, even to non-Javanese.

As Indonesia is not a monarchy, the Government of Indonesia does not confer any noble titles on its citizens. However, noble titles are still recognised officially as distinct from personal names. This is in contrast with the situation in e.g. Germany or Austria, in which personal names were forced to be used after the abolition of the monarchies. Minister of Home Affairs Regulation no. 25 year 2011 is one example of such state regulations that recognises and govern the use of noble titles within the Indonesian administration. Even the second vice-president of Indonesia (1973-1978) — who was also the sultan of Yogyakarta — was known officially by his regnal name, Hamengkubuwono IX.