Nanjing was the name for modern Beijing during the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China, during which it served as the empire's southern capital. To distinguish "Nanjing" (literally 'southern capital') from the modern city of Nanjing in Jiangsu, and Beijing Damingfu, the name for modern Daming County in Hebei Province during the Northern Song dynasty, Chinese historians sometimes refer to Liao-era Beijing as Liao Nanjing (辽南京; 遼南京). The Liao acquired the city, then known as Youzhou, in the cession of the Sixteen Prefectures in 938 by the Later Jin, one of the five short-lived dynasties that ruled northern China following the end of the Tang dynasty. The city was officially renamed "Nanjing, Youdu Fu" (南京幽都府). In 1012, the city was renamed "Nanjing, Xijin Fu" (南京析津府). The city was also colloquially referred to at the time as "Yanjing". In 1122, the city was captured by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234)—who officially renamed it "Yanjing", ending the use of "Nanjing" for what is today modern Beijing.
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Nanjing (Liao dynasty) in the context of Fanyang
Jicheng, less commonly called Ji and Yanjing, was an ancient city in northern China, which has become the longest continuously inhabited section of modern Beijing. It has been known by numerous other names over its long history, usually in reference to the changing territories it presided over. Historical mention of Ji dates to the founding of the Zhou dynasty in about 1045 BC. Archaeological finds in southwestern Beijing where Ji was believed to be located date to the Spring and Autumn period (771–476 BC). The city of Ji served as the capital of the ancient states of Ji and Yan until the unification of China by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC. Thereafter, the city was a prefectural capital for Youzhou through the Han dynasty, Three Kingdoms, Western Jin dynasty, Sixteen Kingdoms, Northern Dynasties, and Sui dynasty. With the creation of a Ji Prefecture in present-day Tianjin during the Tang dynasty, the city of Ji became more exclusively referenced as Youzhou or by its subsequent renamings including Yanjing. Youzhou was one of the Sixteen Prefectures ceded to the Khitans during the Five Dynasties. The city then became the southern capital of the Liao dynasty and then the main capital of the Jurchen Jin dynasty. In the 13th century, Kublai Khan built a new capital city for the Yuan dynasty adjacent to Ji to the north. The old city of Ji became a suburb to Khanbaliq/Dadu, whose site was developed under the Ming and Qing dynasties into modern Beijing.