Micronation in the context of "International Micropatrological Society"

A self-proclaimed monarchy is established when a person claims a monarchy without any historical ties to a previous dynasty. In many cases, this would make them a pretender to the throne (when a ruling dynasty is already established). The self-proclaimed monarch may be of an established state, such as Zog I of Albania, or of a micronation, such as Leonard Casley of Hutt River, Western Australia.

The meridian 150° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America (entirely within the State of Alaska), the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

In Antarctica, the meridian defines the eastern limit of New Zealand's territorial claim. The land further east is not claimed by any nation except the micronation of Westarctica, which is not recognized by any UN member state.

Nova Roma (English: New Rome) is an international Roman reconstructionist, cultural revivalist, and educational nonprofit organization formed in 1998, later incorporated in Maine. Nova Roma is dedicated to promoting "the restoration of classical Roman religion, culture, and virtues" and "shared Roman ideals".

Notable for providing extensive resources about Roman culture, Latin, ancient Roman costuming and reenactment, Nova Roma aims to be more than a community of reenactors or history study group. Based on the reconstructed Roman ceremonies and spiritual aspects of the activities of Nova Roma, Strimska, Davy, Adler, Gallagher-Ashcraft, and Chryssides have noted its importance to Roman reconstructionism. Because it has a structure based on the ancient Roman Republic, with a senate, magistrates, laws enacted by vote of the comitia, its own coinage, and its self-identity as a "sovereign nation", some outside observers classify it as a micronation.

Leonard George Casley (28 August 1925 – 13 February 2019), also known as Prince Leonard, was the founder of a self-proclaimed micronation, the Principality of Hutt River, his own farm, within the Australian state of Western Australia. He governed Hutt River from 21 April 1970 until his abdication in February 2017 at a coronation ceremony that placed his son Graeme Casley on the throne.

Having pursued a number of occupations, Casley eventually settled on farming, purchasing a large wheat farm near the towns of Northampton and Geraldton in the 1960s where he came to own 75 square kilometres (29 sq mi). In 1970, he declared independence and founded Hutt River Province in response to a dispute with the Government of Western Australia over what the Casley family considered draconian wheat production quotas. "His Royal Highness Prince Leonard I of Hutt" was the style used by Casley from the creation of the principality until his death.

The Principality of Hutt River, often referred to by its former name, the Hutt River Province, was a micronation in Australia, proclaimed on 21 April 1970 when farmer Leonard Casley declared his farm to be a sovereign state, the "Hutt River Province". He claimed to have seceded from Australia, which occurred during his dispute with the authorities concerning wheat production quotas. A few years later, Casley began styling himself as "Prince Leonard" and granting family members royal titles, although he did not include the word "principality" in the official name until 2006. In 2017, Casley's claim to rulership was taken over by his son Graeme, who dropped the claim to sovereignty on 3 August 2020.

The claimed territory was located 517 km (321 mi) north of Perth, near the town of Northampton in the state of Western Australia. It had an area of 75 square kilometres (29 sq mi), making it larger than several recognised countries. It was not recognised as a country by the Australian Government nor any other national government, and the High Court of Australia and Supreme Court of Western Australia rejected submissions arguing that it was not subject to Australian laws.

The United Republics of Jamtland, Herjeådalen and Ravund (often shortened to the Republic of Jamtland) is a humorous culture and marketing project or micronation, with regionalist and historical elements based in the Swedish County of Jämtland, located in the middle of Scandinavia. From the 10th to 12th century Jamtland was self-governing and was independent of any crown, hence the name "Republic of Jamtland". It was annexed in 1178 to the crown of Norway. It still exercised significant self-rule, and its primary connection to the Norwegian king was through paying royal taxes. The Orkney Islands were the only other area that enjoyed similar self-rule.

Westarctica is a United States non-profit advocating for climate action, and an unrecognised micronation in Antarctica. As a non-profit, it is registered in Sacramento, California, and officially named Westarctica Incorporated. As a micronation, it claims the 1,600,000 km (620,000 sq mi) area of Marie Byrd Land in Antarctica, and is formally the Grand Duchy of Westarctica. Apart from having its own flag, coat of arms, and currency (the Ice Mark), It holds non-consultative status with the NGO branch of United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and hosted MicroCon 2022 in Las Vegas. It also offers an annual research scholarship, paid for by James P. Howard, in the fields of climate change and conservation. As of 2018, it had over 5000 members, which it referred to as citizens.

It was founded in 2001 as the Protectorate of Westarctica by Travis McHenry, a U.S. Navy intelligence specialist who had just read from the CIA World Factbook that no sovereign state laid claim to Marie Byrd Land. Despite writing letters to many different countries over the years, none, except other micronations, have recognized Westarctica's sovereignty. In 2004, he began distributing fantasy passports as souvenirs, but soon stopped after discovering that a Kenyan scammer was reselling them to refugees, claiming they were legal travel documents. By 2006, McHenry's superiors had learned he was communicating with foreign nations, and told him he would have to quit either his job in the navy, or his involvement with Westarctica. In order to keep his job, he abdicated and passed the title of Grand Duke to his friend Philip Karns.

The Principality of Sealand (/ˈsiːˌlænd/) is an unrecognised micronation on HM Fort Roughs (also known as Roughs Tower), an offshore platform in the North Sea. It is situated on Rough Sands, a sandbar located approximately 11 kilometres (6 nmi) from the coast of Suffolk and 13 kilometres (7 nmi) from the coast of Essex. Roughs Tower is a Maunsell Sea Fort that was built by the British in international waters during World War II. Since 1967, the decommissioned Roughs Tower has been occupied and claimed as a sovereign state by the family and associates of Paddy Roy Bates. Bates seized Roughs Tower from a group of pirate radio broadcasters in 1967 with the intention of setting up his own station there. Bates and his associates have repelled incursions from vessels from rival pirate radio stations and the UK's Royal Navy using firearms and petrol bombs. In 1987, the United Kingdom extended its territorial waters to 12 nautical miles, which places the platform in British territory. As of August 2024, Sealand has only one permanent resident.

Micronations are ephemeral, self-proclaimed entities that claim to be independent sovereign states, but which are not acknowledged as such by any recognised sovereign state, or by any supranational organisation. The constant reiteration of the flag as a symbol of a something that exists by the entity that it symbolizes confirms the validity of the flag as an officially sanctioned and/or definitive symbol of an entity; therefore, there has been a close association between vexillology/vexillogic imagination in creating visual symbols that appear to legitimize micronational claims.

This article documents the designated national flags of micronations whose existence is verifiable in multiple, non-trivial third party reference sources, which have been cited in the linked encyclopedia articles for those entities.