Matija Nenadović in the context of First Serbian Uprising

The prime minister of Serbia (Serbian: премијер Србије, romanized: premijer Srbije; feminine: премијерка/premijerka), formally the president of the Government of the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: председник Владе Републике Србије, romanized: predsednik Vlade Republike Srbije; feminine: председница/predsednica) is the head of the Government of Serbia. The role of the prime minister is to direct the work of the government, and submits to the National Assembly the government's program, including a list of proposed ministers. The resignation of the prime minister results in the dismissal of the government. In the formal order of precedence, the position of prime minister is the third highest state office, after the president of the Republic and the president of the National Assembly.

The first officeholder was Matija Nenadović, who became president of the Serbian Governing Council on 27 August 1805. The current prime minister, Đuro Macut was nominated by the president of the Republic, Aleksandar Vučić, and elected and appointed along with his cabinet by the National Assembly on 16 April 2025.

Aleksa Nenadović (Serbian: Алекса Ненадовић, 1749–4 February 1804) was a Serb militia commander and obor-knez (Christian mayor) of the Tamnava–Posavina knežina of the Valjevo nahiya of the Pashalik of Belgrade. A veteran of the Serbian Free Corps that fought in the Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), he became one of the leading Serbs in the province, and was killed by the renegade Janissaries in the event known as the "Slaughter of the Knezes", which led to the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13) and Serbian Revolution.

His younger brother was Jakov Nenadović, a vojvoda (general) and the first Serbian Interior Minister. His sons were archpriest and one of the main leaders in the uprising, Matija Nenadović, and vojvoda Sima Nenadović, active in the Second Serbian Uprising (1815–17).