Maksim Viktorovich Surayev (Russian: Максим Викторович Сураев, born 24 May 1972) is a Russian politician and retired cosmonaut.
Surayev was a backup crew member for ISS Expeditions 17 and 19 from 2006 to 2009. In 2009, he commanded a spacecraft that traveled to the International Space Station where he served as flight engineer for 167 days, returning in 2010. Surayev also served as a flight engineer on the International Space Station as a member of the crew of Expedition 22, and flight engineer and expedition commander of Expeditions 40 and 41. In his career, Surayev made two spacewalks, one in 2010 with fellow cosmonaut Oleg Kotov which lasted 5 hours and 44 minutes and again in 2014 with Aleksandr Samokutyaev in a spacewalk that lasted 3 hours and 38 minutes.
