List of municipalities in São Paulo in the context of "São Paulo State"

São Paulo (/ˌsaʊ ˈpaʊloʊ/, Portuguese: [sɐ̃w ˈpawlu] ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus. It is located in the Southeast Region and is bordered by the states of Minas Gerais to the north and northeast, Paraná to the south, Rio de Janeiro to the east and Mato Grosso do Sul to the west, in addition to the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. It is divided into 645 municipalities. The total area is 248,219.481 square kilometres (95,838.077 square miles) km, which is equivalent to 2.9% of Brazil's surface, being slightly larger than the United Kingdom. Its capital is the municipality of São Paulo.

With more than 44 million inhabitants in 2022, São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state (around 22% of the Brazilian population), the world's 28th-most-populous sub-national entity and the most populous sub-national entity in the Americas, and the fourth-most-populous political entity of South America, surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian federation, Colombia, and Argentina. The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians, who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century; the Portuguese, who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region; Indigenous peoples, many distinct ethnic groups; Africans, who were brought from Africa as enslaved people in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country. In addition, Arabs, Armenians, Chinese, Germans, Greeks, Japanese, Spanish and American Southerners also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population.

Piracicaba (Brazilian Portuguese: [piɾɐsiˈkabɐ] or [piˌɾasiˈkabɐ]) is a Brazilian municipality located in the interior of São Paulo state, in the Southeast Region of Brazil. It serves as the main city of the Metropolitan Region of Piracicaba (RMP) and is situated approximately 150 km (93 mi) northwest of the state capital, São Paulo. Covering an area of just over 1,378 km (532 sq mi), with around 169 km (65 sq mi) classified as urban area, Piracicaba has a population of 438,827 inhabitants, making it the 13th most populous municipality in São Paulo state.

Established in 1767 along the banks of the Piracicaba River, a vital water source for the region, Piracicaba saw significant agricultural development during the 19th century, particularly in sugarcane and coffee cultivation. However, the early 20th century brought economic decline due to the collapse of the coffee cycle and falling sugar prices, a situation that persisted until the onset of industrialization.