Kokand Khanate in the context of "Karakol"

Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia, lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain ranges. It is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and China to the east and southeast. Bishkek is the capital and largest city. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's over 7 million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians.

Kyrgyzstan's history spans a variety of cultures and empires. Although geographically isolated by its highly mountainous terrain, Kyrgyzstan has been at the crossroads of several great civilizations as part of the Silk Road along with other commercial routes. Inhabited by a succession of tribes and clans, Kyrgyzstan has periodically fallen under larger domination, for example the Turkic nomads, who trace their ancestry to many Turkic states. It was first established as the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khanate. Later, in the 13th century, Kyrgyzstan was conquered by the Mongol Empire and under several Mongol dynasties; it regained independence, but was later invaded by the Dzungar Khanate. After the fall of Dzhungars, Kyrgyz and Kipchaks were an integral part of Kokand Khanate.

Shahrukh Bek, later referred to as Shahrukh Khan was the leader of the Kokand Khanate and Uzbek Mings tribe from c. 1709 to c. 1721.

As the first ruler of the independent Kokand Khanate after separation from Bukhara, he ordered nobles to have a fortified castle constructed in the region. Before his death, reported to be around 1721 the new khanate acquired the cities of Margilan, Namangan, and Isfara in addition to the new capital Kokand.

Tashkent State, or simply Tashkent was an independent historical Uzbek monarchy in Central Asia, spanning over the areas that are nowadays the Tashkent Region of Uzbekistan as well as South Kazakhstan Region. It was declared in 1784 and ceased to exist in 1808, after being occupied by the Kokand Khanate. The capital was Tashkent.