The Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian: Калмыцкая Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика; Kalmyk: Хальмг Автономн Советск Социалистическ Республик, romanized: Xaľmg Avtonomn Sovetsk Soţialistiçesk Respublik, [xalʲˈmək aftɐˈnomnə sɐˈvʲɛt͡sk sɐt͡sialʲɪsˈtit͡ʃəsk rʲɪsˈpublʲɪk]) was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR that existed at two periods of time. Its administrative center was Elista.
The Kalmyk ASSR was first established when the Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (established 4 November 1920) had its status increased on 22 October 1935. On 27 December 1943 in conjunction with the deportation of over 93,000 Kalmyks to various locations in Central Asia and Siberia, the Kalmyk ASSR was abolished and its territory was split between adjacent Astrakhan, Rostov and Stalingrad Oblasts and Stavropol Krai. Soviet authorities renamed the former republic's towns and villages.
