Kalmar in the context of Öland, Sweden

The Kalmar Union was a personal union in Scandinavia, agreed at Kalmar in Sweden as designed by Queen Margaret of Denmark. From 1397 to 1523, it joined under a single monarch the three kingdoms of Denmark, Sweden (then including much of present-day Finland), and Norway, together with Norway's maritime colonies (then including Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and the Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland).

The union was not quite continuous; there were several short interruptions. Legally, the countries remained separate sovereign states, but their domestic and foreign policies were directed by a common monarch. Gustav Vasa's election as King of Sweden on 6 June 1523, and his triumphant entry into Stockholm 11 days later, marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union. The Danish king formally renounced his claim to Sweden in 1524 at the Treaty of Malmö.

Öland (UK: /ˈɜːrlænd/, US: /ˈɜːrlɑːnd, ˈʌl-/; Swedish: [ˈø̌ːland] ; sometimes written Oland internationally) is the second-largest Swedish island and the smallest of the traditional provinces of Sweden. Öland has an area of 1,342 square kilometres (518 square miles) and is located in the Baltic Sea just off the coast of Småland. The island has over 26,000 inhabitants.

It is separated from the mainland by the Kalmar Strait and connected to it by the 6-kilometre (3+1⁄2 mi) Öland Bridge, which opened on 30 September 1972. The county seat Kalmar is on the mainland at the other end of the bridge and is an important commercial centre related to the Öland economy. The island's two municipalities are Borgholm and Mörbylånga named after their municipal seats. Much of the island is farmland, with fertile plains aided by the mild and sunny weather during summer.

Kalmar Municipality (Swedish: Kalmar kommun) is a municipality in Kalmar County, southeastern Sweden. The city of Kalmar is the municipal seat.

The present municipality was created in 1971, when the City of Kalmar was amalgamated with five surrounding rural municipalities. The municipality consists of fifteen original local government units.

The Diocese of Kalmar (Swedish: Kalmar stift) was a division of the Church of Sweden between 1603 and 1915, when it was merged into the diocese of Växjö in order to allow the new diocese of Luleå to be formed. It was created as a subdivision to the diocese of Linköping, and was under the supervision of a superintendent. Only in 1678 was a bishop appointed, and Kalmar cathedral became an episcopal see in the term proper. Till this day, the cathedral of Kalmar retain its rank despite no longer being the seat of a bishopric.

Kalmar Cathedral (Swedish: Kalmar domkyrka) is in the city of Kalmar in Småland in southeast Sweden. Located in Stortorget Square, construction began in 1660. The Cathedral was designed for the Church of Sweden by architect Nicodemus Tessin.

Kalmar Castle (Swedish: Kalmar slott) is a castle in the city Kalmar in the province of Småland in Sweden.

Linnaeus University (LNU) (Swedish: Linnéuniversitetet) is a state university in the historical province (landskap) of Småland, Sweden, with campuses located in the cities of Växjö and Kalmar. Linnaeus University was established in 2010 by a merger of former Växjö University and Kalmar University (Högskolan i Kalmar), and is named in honour of the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus.

Jenny Eugenia Nyström (13 or 15 June 1854 in Kalmar, Sweden – 17 January 1946 in Stockholm) was a painter and illustrator mainly known as the creator of the Swedish image of the jultomte on Christmas cards and magazine covers, thus linking the Swedish version of Santa Claus to the gnomes and tomtar of Scandinavian folklore.