Turpan (Uyghur: تۇرپان) or Turfan (Chinese: 吐鲁番) is a prefecture-level city located in the east of the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China. It has an area of 69,759 km (26,934 sq mi) and a population of 693,988 (2020). The historical center of the prefectural area has shifted a number of times, from Yar-Khoto (Jiaohe, 10 km or 6.2 mi to the west of modern Turpan) to Qocho (Gaochang, 30 km or 19 mi to the southeast of Turpan) and to Turpan itself.
