ISO basic Latin alphabet in the context of E.161

The Latin alphabet is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered except for a couple letters splitting (⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩), an addition (⟨W⟩), and extensions (such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.

The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae in Magna Graecia. The Greek alphabet was altered by the Etruscans, and subsequently their alphabet was altered by the Ancient Romans. Several Latin-script alphabets exist, which differ in graphemes, collation and phonetic values from the classical Latin alphabet.

The Latin script is the basis of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), and the 26 most widespread letters are the letters contained in the ISO basic Latin alphabet, which are the same letters as the English alphabet.

The Latin alphabet is comprised of 26 letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered except for a couple of letters splitting:(⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩), an addition (⟨W⟩), and extensions (such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.

Morse code is a telecommunications method which encodes text characters as standardized sequences of two different signal durations, called dots and dashes, or dits and dahs. It is named after Samuel Morse, one of several developers of the system. Morse's preliminary proposal for a telegraph code was replaced by an alphabet-based code developed by Alfred Vail, the engineer working with Morse. Vail's version was used for commercial telegraphy in North America. Friedrich Gerke simplified Vail's code to produce the code adopted in Europe, and most of the alphabetic part of the (ITU) "Morse" is copied from Gerke's revision.

The ITU International Morse code encodes the 26 basic Latin letters A to Z, one accented Latin letter (É), the Indo-Arabic numerals 0 to 9, and some punctuation and messaging procedural signals (prosigns). There is no distinction between upper and lower case letters. Each code symbol is formed by a sequence of dits and dahs. The dit duration can vary for signal clarity and operator skill, but for any one message, once the rhythm is established, a half-beat is the basic unit of time measurement. The duration of a dah is three times the duration of a dit. Each dit or dah within an encoded character is followed by a period of signal absence, called a space, equal to the dit duration. The letters of a word are separated by a space of duration equal to three dits, and words are separated by a space equal to seven dits.

The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered except for a couple of letters splitting:(⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩), an addition (⟨W⟩), and extensions (such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.

The modern German alphabet consists of the twenty-six letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet plus four extra letters placed at the end:

German uses letter-diacritic combinations (Ä/ä, Ö/ö, Ü/ü) using the umlaut and one ligature (ẞ/ß (called eszett (sz) or scharfes S, sharp s)), but they do not constitute distinct letters in the alphabet.

The Sorbian alphabet is based on the ISO basic Latin alphabet but uses diacritics such as the acute accent and the caron, making it similar to the Czech and Polish alphabets. (This mixture is also found in the Belarusian Latin alphabet.) The standard character encoding for the Sorbian alphabet is ISO 8859-2 (Latin-2).

The alphabet is used for the Sorbian languages, although some letters are used in only one of the two languages (Upper Sorbian and Lower Sorbian).

The Swedish alphabet (Swedish: svenska alfabetet) is a basic element of the Latin writing system, used for the Swedish language, and consisting of the modern 26-letter basic Latin alphabet (⟨a⟩ to ⟨z⟩) plus ⟨å⟩, ⟨ä⟩, and ⟨ö⟩, in that order. It contains 20 consonants and 9 vowels (⟨a e i o u y å ä ö⟩). The Latin alphabet was brought to Sweden along with the Christianization of the population, although runes continued in use throughout the first centuries of Christianity, even for ecclesiastic purposes, despite their traditional relation to the Old Norse religion. The runes underwent partial "latinization" in the Middle Ages, when the Latin alphabet was completely accepted as the Swedish script system, but runes still occurred, especially in the countryside, until the 18th century, and were used decoratively until mid 19th century.

E.161 is an ITU-T Recommendation that defines the arrangement of digits, letters, and symbols on telephone keypads and rotary dials. It also defines the recommended mapping between the basic Latin alphabet and digits (e.g., "DEF" on 3). Uses for this mapping include:

• Multi-tap and predictive text systems.
• Forming phonewords from telephone numbers.
• Using alphabetic characters (e.g. as a mnemonic) in a personal identification number.

Keypads are specified both in the common 4 × 3 and several variations, such as 6 × 2 and 2 × 5. E.161 also specifies the dimensions and characteristics of the star and square, referred to in the standard as the 'star' and 'square' keys, respectively. (In practice, the 'square' key is almost invariably replaced by the number sign. and the sextile symbol is the more common choice for the star key.)

The Hungarian alphabet (Hungarian: magyar ábécé, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈaːbeːt͡seː]) is an extension of the Latin alphabet used for writing the Hungarian language.

The alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, with several added variations of letters, consisting 44 letters. Over the 26 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet it has five letters with an acute accent, two letters with an umlaut, two letters with a double acute accent, eight letters made up of two characters, and one letter made up of three characters. In some other languages, characters with diacritical marks would be considered variations of the base letter, however in Hungarian, these characters are considered letters in their own right.