Hejaz railway in the context of "History of rail transport in Turkey"

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⭐ Core Definition: Hejaz railway

The Hejaz railway (also spelled Hedjaz or Hijaz; Arabic: سِكَّة حَدِيد الحِجَاز sikkat ḥadīd al-ḥijāz or Arabic: الخَط الحَدِيدِي الحِجَازِي, Ottoman Turkish: حجاز دمیریولی, Turkish: Hicaz Demiryolu) was a narrow-gauge railway (1,050 mm / 3 ft 5+1132 in track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of modern-day Saudi Arabia, with a branch line to Haifa on the Mediterranean Sea. The project was ordered by Sultan Abdul Hamid II in March 1900.

It was a part of the Ottoman railway network and the original goal was to extend the line from the Haydarpaşa Terminal in Kadıköy, Istanbul beyond Damascus to the Islamic holy city of Mecca. However, construction was interrupted due to the outbreak of World War I, and it reached only to Medina, 400 kilometres (250 mi) short of Mecca. The completed Damascus to Medina section was 1,300 kilometres (810 mi). It was the only railway completely built and operated by the Ottoman Empire.

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In this Dossier

Hejaz railway in the context of Amman Hejaz Railway Station

Amman railway station (Arabic: محطة قطار عمان) is a former main railway station in central Amman, Jordan, built as part of the Hejaz railway during the Ottoman Empire.

The opening of the Amman station in 1904 connected the city to Damascus and later to Medina by the time Ottoman authorities finished constructing the railway in 1908. In its early days, it helped to transform Amman from a small village into a major commercial hub in the region.

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Hejaz railway in the context of Jezreel Valley railway

The Jezreel Valley railway, or the Valley Train (Hebrew: רַכֶּבֶת הָעֵמֶק, Rakevet HaEmek ; Arabic: خط سكة حديد حيفا – درعا, romanizedkhaṭṭ sikkat ḥadīd Ḥayfa–Dar‘a) was a railroad that existed in Ottoman and British Palestine in 1905 until 1948. It ran from the Mediterranean coast inland along the length of the Jezreel Valley. The historical line was a segment of the longer Haifa–Dera'a Line, which was itself a branch of the larger Hejaz railway.

The historical Haifa–Dera'a line was built at the beginning of the 20th century and connected the Port of Haifa with the main part of the Hejaz railway, the DamascusMedina line. Like the entire Hejaz railway, it was a 1,050 mm (3 ft 5+1132 in) narrow gauge line. The last stop of the Haifa–Dera'a line within the Mandate Palestine borders was at al-Hamma, today Hamat Gader. Planning and construction took four years. The railway was inaugurated on October 15, 1905, and regular services operated on it until 1948.

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