A heerlijkheid (a Dutch word; pl. heerlijkheden; also called heerschap; Latin: Dominium) was a landed estate that served as the lowest administrative and judicial unit in rural areas in the Dutch-speaking Low Countries before 1800. It originated as a unit of lordship under the feudal system during the Middle Ages. The English equivalents are manor, seigniory and lordship. The German equivalent is Herrschaft. The heerlijkheid system was the Dutch version of manorialism that prevailed in the Low Countries and was the precursor to the modern municipality system in the Netherlands and Flemish Belgium.
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Heerlijkheid in the context of Lordship of Groningen
The Lordship of Groningen (Dutch: Heerlijkheid Groningen; West Frisian: Hearlikheid Grinslân) was a lordship under the rule of the House of Habsburg between 1536 and 1594, which is the present-day province of Groningen.
Heerlijkheid in the context of Bakkum
Bakkum is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Castricum and lies about 12 km southwest of Alkmaar. It has three satellites: the village of Bakkum-Noord, the hamlet Noord Bakkum and Bakkum aan Zee which is nowadays called Castricum aan Zee.
The village was first mentioned in the late-11th century as Bachem, and means "settlement on a height". Bakkum used to be a heerlijkheid. In 1749, it was sold to Nicolaas Geelvinck who was Lord of Castricum among others.