Hashim ibn Abd Manaf in the context of "Seyyed"

Al-Marwani (Arabic: ُٱلْمَرْوَنِي, romanized: al-Marwānī) or Banu Marwan (Arabic: بَنِوُ مَرْوَانَ, lit. 'Sons of Marwan'), also referred to as the Marwanids (Arabic: ٱلْمَرْوَنِيُون, romanized: al-Marwāniyūn), is a prominent Arab clan belonging to the Banu Umayya branch of the Quraysh tribe. They are the descendants of Marwan ibn al-Hakam, fourth Umayyad caliph and paternal first cousin of the Rashidun caliph Uthman ibn Affan. Their roots lie in the holy city of Mecca in the Hejaz, the ancestral homeland of the Quraysh tribe, while their historical establishment was in Damascus, Syria. They are considered first cousins of the Banu Hashim, the clan of the Prophet Muhammad, since Umayya ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf was the paternal nephew of Hashim ibn Abd Manaf. They are also cousins of the Banu Shayba clan of Quraysh, the hereditary custodians of the Kaaba, through Marwan's maternal grandmother al-Sa'ba bint Abi Talha Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Uzza al-Abdariyya, the paternal aunt of Uthman ibn Talha ibn Abd Allah al-Abdari upon whom the Prophet Muhammad entrusted the guardianship of the keys of the Kaaba after the Conquest of Mecca.

The clan arrived in Damascus in the second half of the 7th century CE when Marwan I, the family's progenitor, moved from the Hejaz to Syria. His accession at the tribal conclave of Marj Rahit (684) marked the transfer of the caliphate within the Banu Umayya clan from the family of Abu Sufyan to his family. The family constitutes one of the two principal cadet branches of the Umayyad dynasty, the other being the Sufyanids, descended from Muʿawiya I ibn Abi Sufyan. At their height, the Marwanis represented the dominant branch of the Umayyad family, producing most of its ruling members and remaining the most numerous line of Umayyad descendants in later generations. The family supplied caliphs, princes, governors and commanders in the 7th–11th centuries and continued as a recognizable lineage in the central Islamic lands and in al-Andalus after 750.

Banu Hashim (Arabic: بنو هاشم, romanized: Banū Hāshim) is an Ancient Arab clan within the Quraysh tribe to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged, named after Muhammad's great-grandfather Hashim ibn Abd Manaf.

Members of this clan, and especially their descendants, are also referred to as Hashemites, Hashimites, Hashimids, or Bakara and often carry the surname al-Hāshimī. These descendants, and especially those tracing their lineage to Muhammad through his daughter Fatima, hold the traditional title of Sharīf (often synonymous to Sayyid).

Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib (/æbˈdʊlə/; Arabic: عبد الله بن عبد المطلب, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; c. 546–570) was the father of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the son of Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim and Fatima bint Amr of the Makhzum Clan.

He was married to Aminah bint Wahb. Muhammad was their only child.

Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib (Arabic: أَبُو طَالِب بن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب, romanized: ʾAbū Ṭālib bin ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; c. 535 – 619) was the leader of Banu Hashim, a clan of the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula. As he was the brother of Abdullah, the father of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, he was the Islamic Prophet Muhammad’s uncle and father of Ali. After the death of his father Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, he inherited this position as tribal chieftain, and the offices of Siqaya and Rifada. He was well-respected in Mecca.

According to the majority of Sunni scholars, Abu Talib did not accept Islam before his death.However, Shia scholars maintain that Abu Talib was a devout believer who concealed his faith to protect Prophet Muhammad.

The Hashemites (Arabic: الهاشميون, romanized: al-Hāshimiyyūn), officially the House of Hashim, are the royal family of Jordan, which they have ruled since 1921, and were the royal family of the kingdoms of Hejaz (1916–1925), Syria (1920), and Iraq (1921–1958). The family had ruled the city of Mecca continuously from the 10th century, frequently as vassals of outside powers, and ruled the thrones of the Hejaz, Syria, Iraq, and Jordan following their World War I alliance with the British Empire.

The family belongs to the Dhawu Awn, one of the branches of the Ḥasanid Sharifs of Mecca, also referred to as Hashemites. Their eponymous ancestor is traditionally considered to be Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Another claimed ancestor is Ali ibn Abi Talib, the usurped successor of the prophet Muhammad according to Shia Islam. The Ḥasanid Sharifs of Mecca (from whom the Hashemite royal family is directly descended), including the Hashemites' ancestor Qatadah ibn Idris, were Zaydī Shīʿas until the late Mamluk or early Ottoman period, when they became followers of the Shāfiʿī school of Sunnī Islam.

The Sharif of Mecca (Arabic: شريف مكة, romanized: Sharīf Makkah) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina. The term sharif is Arabic for "noble", "highborn", and is used to describe the descendants of Hashim ibn Abd Manaf.

The Sharif was charged with protecting the cities and their environs and ensuring the safety of pilgrims performing the Hajj. The title is sometimes spelled Sheriff or Sherif, with the latter variant used, for example, by T. E. Lawrence in Seven Pillars of Wisdom.

Sayyid is an honorific title of Hasanid and Husaynid lineage, recognized as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and Ali's sons Hasan and Husayn. The title may also refer to the descendants of the family of the Bani Hashim through the Prophet's great-grandfather Hashim, and others including Hamza, Abbas, Abu Talib, and Asad ibn Hashim.

See also Sharif, which has a good description of three types of identification for that term and co-relates to this term. In its narrowest sense, a sayyid is a descendant of Husayn ibn Ali, but the term is also more generally used for descendants of The Prophet.