Hartree in the context of CODATA

Hartree in the context of CODATA

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⭐ Core Definition: Hartree

The hartree (symbol: Eh), also known as the Hartree energy, is the unit of energy in the atomic units system, named after the British physicist Douglas Hartree. Its CODATA recommended value is Eh = 4.3597447222060(48)×10 J‍ = 27.211386245981(30) eV. The name "hartree" was suggested for this unit of energy.

The hartree is approximately the negative electric potential energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state and, by the virial theorem, approximately twice its ionization energy; the relationships are not exact because of the finite mass of the nucleus of the hydrogen atom and relativistic corrections.

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Hartree in the context of Hydrogen anion

The hydrogen anion, H, is a negative ion of hydrogen, that is, a hydrogen atom that has captured an extra electron. The hydrogen anion is an important constituent of the atmosphere of stars, such as the Sun. In chemistry, this ion is called hydride. The ion has two electrons bound by the electromagnetic force to a nucleus containing one proton.

The binding energy of H equals the binding energy of an extra electron to a hydrogen atom, called electron affinity of hydrogen. It is measured to be 0.754195(19) eV or 0.02771616(70) hartree (see Electron affinity (data page)). The total ground state energy thus becomes −14.359888 eV.

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Measurement unit → Energy → Atomic units → Douglas Hartree → CODATA → Electric potential energy → Hydrogen → Atom → Ground state → Virial theorem → Ionization energy → Mass → Atomic nucleus → Quantum electrodynamics →