Haliacmon in the context of "Official language"

The Macedonians (Ancient Greek: Μακεδόνες, Makedónes) were an ancient tribe that lived on the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios in the northeastern part of mainland Greece. Essentially an ancient Greek people, they gradually expanded from their homeland along the Haliacmon valley on the northern edge of the Greek world, absorbing or driving out neighbouring non-Greek tribes, primarily Thracian and Illyrian. They spoke Ancient Macedonian, which is usually classified by scholars as a dialect of Northwest Doric Greek, and occasionally as a distinct sister language of Greek or an Aeolic Greek dialect. However, the prestige language of Macedon during the Classical era was Attic Greek, replaced by Koine Greek during the Hellenistic era. Their religious beliefs mirrored those of other Greeks, following the main deities of the Greek pantheon, although the Macedonians continued Archaic burial practices that had ceased in other parts of Greece after the 6th century BC. Aside from the monarchy, the core of Macedonian society was its nobility. Similar to the aristocracy of neighboring Thessaly, their wealth was largely built on herding horses and cattle.

Although composed of various clans, the kingdom of Macedonia, established around the 7th century BC, is mostly associated with the Argead dynasty and the tribe named after it. The dynasty, also known as the Temenid dynasty, was allegedly founded by Perdiccas I, descendant of the legendary Temenus of Argos, while the region of Macedon derived its name from Makedon, a figure of Greek mythology. Traditionally ruled by independent families, the Macedonians seem to have accepted Argead rule by the time of Alexander I (r. 498 – 454 BC). Under Philip II (r. 359 – 336 BC), the Macedonians are credited with numerous military innovations, which enlarged their territory and increased their control over other areas extending into Thrace. This consolidation of territory allowed for the exploits of Alexander the Great (r. 336 – 323 BC), the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire, the establishment of the diadochi successor states, and the inauguration of the Hellenistic period in West Asia, Greece, and the broader Mediterranean world. The Macedonians were eventually conquered by the Roman Republic, which dismantled the Macedonian monarchy at the end of the Third Macedonian War (171–168 BC) and established the Roman province of Macedonia after the Fourth Macedonian War (150–148 BC).

Lower Macedonia (Greek: Κάτω Μακεδονία, Kato Makedonia) or Lower Macedon or Macedonia proper or Emathia is a geographical term used in Antiquity referring to the coastal plain watered by the rivers Haliacmon, Axius and Loudias, stretching along the coast of the Thermaic Gulf, which was the core and defined the center of the Argead kingdom of Macedon. Its districts were: Emathia, Pieria, Bottiaea, Almopia, Amphaxitis. Aigai (near modern Vergina), the original capital of Macedon, and Pella, the birthplace of Alexander the Great and the new capital of the kingdom since the 4th century BC, were in Lower Macedonia, in modern Central Macedonia, in Greece.

The Pieres (Ancient Greek,"Πίερες") were a Thracian tribe connected with the Brygi, that long before the archaic period in Greece occupied the narrow strip of plain land, or low hill, between the mouths of the Peneius and the Haliacmon rivers, at the foot of the great woody steeps of Mount Olympus. This region was named after them as Pieria (Greek: Πιερία).

Elimiotis or Elimeia (Ancient Greek: Ἐλιμιῶτις or Ἐλιμία or Ἐλίμεια) was a region of Upper Macedonia that was located along the Haliacmon river. The capital of Elimiotis was Aiani, located in the modern municipality of Kozani, Western Macedonia. It was bordered by Orestis and Eordaea in the north, Pieria in the east, Perrhaebia/Thessaly in the south, and Tymphaea and Parauaea in the west, and was inhabited by the Epirote Greek tribe of Elimiotes or Elimiotae (Ancient Greek: Ἐλιμιῶται). In earlier times, it was independent and the Derdas family ruled the local kingdom from its capital Aiane. However, later it lost its independence and by 355 BC, Elimiotis was part of the kingdom of Macedon.

The Vallahades (Greek: Βαλαχάδες) or Valaades (Greek: Βαλαάδες) are a Greek-speaking Muslim population who lived along the river Haliacmon in southwest Greek Macedonia, in and around Anaselitsa (modern Neapoli) and Grevena. They numbered about 17,000 in the early 20th century. They are a frequently referred-to community of late-Ottoman Empire converts to Islam, because, like the Cretan Muslims, and unlike most other communities of Greek Muslims, the Vallahades retained many aspects of their Greek culture and continued to speak Greek for both private and public purposes. Most other Greek converts to Islam from Macedonia, Thrace, and Epirus generally adopted the Ottoman Turkish language and culture and thereby assimilated into mainstream Ottoman society.

Aiani (Greek: Αιανή, before 1926: Καλλιανή - Kalliani) is a town and a former municipality in the Kozani regional unit, Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kozani, of which it is a municipal unit and historical seat of the municipality of Kozani. It is located near Haliacmon river and is 22 km south of the city of Kozani. The municipal community of Aianis is classified as an urban semi-mountainous settlement. The 2021 census recorded 1,586 residents in the village and 2,826 residents in municipal unit of Aiani. The municipal unit has an area of 156.004 km, the community 52.336 km.

Alorus or Aloros (Ancient Greek: Ἄλωρος) was a town of ancient Macedonia in the district Bottiaea, placed by Stephanus of Byzantium in the innermost recess of the Thermaic Gulf. According to the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax it was situated between the Haliacmon and Lydias. The town is chiefly known on account of its being the birthplace of Ptolemy, who usurped the Macedonian throne after the murder of Alexander II of Macedon, son of Amyntas, and who is usually called Ptolemaeus Alorites. It was also the birthplace of Pantauchus, the general of Alexander the Great.

It is located near the modern Kypseli.

Lyngos (Greek: Λύγκος), also transliterated as Lygos, is a remote mountain range in the eastern Ioannina and the western Grevena regional unit in northwestern Greece. It is a part of the Pindus mountain range. Its highest point is the Avgo, at 2,177 m elevation. The Lyngos mountains lie in a horseshoe shape around the Valia Kalda (Βάλια Κάλντα) valley, which exits towards the Aoos valley to the west. The Valia Kalda is part of the Pindus-Valia Kalda National Park, founded in 1966. It is one of the coldest and wettest regions of Greece. The mountains are densely forested, with alpine meadows in the highest elevations.

The Lyngos mountains are drained by the river Aoos to the west and by the river Venetikos, a tributary of the Haliacmon, to the east. The nearest mountain ranges are the Vasilitsa to the north, Chasia to the east, Lakmos to the south and Tymfi to the west. The nearest villages are Vovousa to the west and Perivoli to the north. The town Metsovo is about 15 km to the south.