Gustavo Díaz Ordaz in the context of 1st federal electoral district of Puebla

The Mexican Dirty War (Spanish: Guerra sucia) was the Mexican theater of the Cold War, an internal conflict from the 1960s to the 1980s between the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)-ruled government under the presidencies of Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Luis Echeverría, and José López Portillo, which were backed by the U.S. government, and left-wing student and guerrilla groups. During the war, government forces carried out disappearances (estimated at 1,200), systematic torture, and "probable extrajudicial executions".

In the 1960s and 1970s, Mexico was persuaded to be part of both Operation Intercept and Operation Condor, developed between 1975 and 1978, with the pretext to fight against the cultivation of opium and marijuana in the "Golden Triangle", particularly in Sinaloa. The operation, commanded by General José Hernández Toledo, was a flop with no major drug-lord captures, but many abuses and acts of repression were committed.

Luis Echeverría Álvarez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis etʃeβeˈri.a ˈalβaɾes]; 17 January 1922 – 8 July 2022) was a Mexican lawyer, academic, and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 57th president of Mexico from 1970 to 1976. Previously, Echeverría was Secretary of the Interior from 1963 to 1969. He was the longest-lived president in Mexican history and the first to reach the age of 100.

Echeverría was a long-time CIA asset, known by the cryptonym, LITEMPO-8. His tenure as Secretary of the Interior during the Díaz Ordaz administration was marked by an increase in political repression. Dissident journalists, politicians, and activists were subjected to censorship, arbitrary arrests, torture, and extrajudicial killings. This culminated with the Tlatelolco massacre of 2 October 1968, which ruptured the Mexican student movement; Díaz Ordaz, Echeverría, and Secretary of Defense Marcelino Garcia Barragán have been considered as the intellectual authors of the massacre, in which hundreds of unarmed protestors were killed by the Mexican Army. The following year, Díaz Ordaz appointed Echeverría as his designated successor to the presidency, and he won in the 1970 general election.

Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Internacional Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz)(IATA: PVR, ICAO: MMPR), simply known as Puerto Vallarta International Airport (Aeropuerto Internacional de Puerto Vallarta), is an international airport serving Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico. It serves as a gateway to the Mexican tourist destination of Riviera Nayarit and the Jalisco coast year-round, offering flights to and from Mexico, the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The airport also houses facilities for the Mexican Army and supports various tourism, flight training, and general aviation activities. Operated by Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, it is named after President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz.

Ranked as the fifth-busiest airport in Mexico for international passenger traffic and the seventh-busiest in terms of passenger numbers and aircraft operations, it has witnessed rapid growth, becoming one of the country's fastest-growing airports: in 2021, it served 4.1 million passengers, increasing to 6.8 million in 2024. The airport connects travelers to 52 destinations, including 13 domestic and 39 international, served by 23 airlines.