The Georgian–Seljuk wars (Georgian: საქართველო-სელჩუკთა ომები, romanized: sakartvelo-selchuk'ta omebi), also known as Georgian Crusade, is a long series of battles and military clashes that took place from 1064 until 1213, between the Kingdom of Georgia and the different Seljukid states that occupied most of South Caucasus. The conflict is preceded by deadly raids in the Caucasus by the Turks in the 11th century, known in Georgian historiography as the Great Turkish Invasion.
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👉 Georgian–Seljuk wars in the context of Siege of Tbilisi (1122)
The Siege of Tbilisi (Georgian: თბილისის შემოერთება, Tbilisis ts'emoerteba) in February 1122 was led by David IV, who successfully conquered the Emirate of Tbilisi, which had been established by the Arab conquests four centuries earlier. Having reclaimed Tbilisi, David's campaign marked the beginning of the end for Arab rule in Georgia; the Georgian army went on to retake the rest of the region and secured a critical victory in the Georgian–Seljuk wars. The collapse of the Emirate of Tbilisi also allowed the Kingdom of Georgia to contest territory within the rest of the weakening Seljuk Empire.
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Georgian–Seljuk wars in the context of Battle of Didgori
The Battle of Didgori (Georgian: დიდგორის ბრძოლა, romanized: didgoris brdzola) was fought between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Seljuk Empire at the narrow place of Didgori, 40 km west of Tbilisi, on August 12, 1121. The large Muslim army, under the command of Ilghazi, was unable to maneuver and suffered a devastating defeat due to King David IV's effective military tactics.
The battle at Didgori was the culmination of the entire Georgian–Seljuk wars and led to the Georgians' reconquest of Tbilisi in 1122. Soon after that David moved the capital from Kutaisi to Tbilisi. The victory at Didgori inaugurated the medieval Georgian Golden Age and is celebrated in The Georgian Chronicles as a (Georgian: ძლევაჲ საკვირველი dzlevay sak'virveli lit. 'miraculous victory'). Modern Georgians continue to remember the event as an annual August 12 festival known as Didgoroba ('[the day] of Didgori').