Galmudug in the context of "Constitution of Somalia"

Puntland, officially the Puntland State of Somalia, is a semi-autonomous state that considers itself to be part of Somalia, despite not accepting the legitimacy of Somalia's current governing administration. It was formed in 1998, and is a federal member state of Somalia. Puntland is located in the northeast of Somalia. Its capital is the city of Garoowe in the Nugal region. The region had a population of 4,334,633 in 2016.

Puntland is bordered by Somaliland to its west, the Gulf of Aden in the north, the Guardafui Channel in the northeast, the Indian Ocean, Galmudug State in the south, and Ethiopia in the southwest. There are several major geographical apexes in Puntland, including the Cape Guardafui, which forms the tip of the Horn of Africa, Ras Hafun the easternmost place on the entire African continent, and the beginning of the Karkaar mountain range.

Somalia is a federal republic consisting of 7 federal member states. They are Somaliland, Puntland, North East, Galmudug, Hirshaabelle, South West, and Jubaland as well as the regional administration of Banaadir. Somalia is further subdivided into 18 administrative regions (gobollo, singular gobol), which are in turn subdivided into districts.