Frazione

A comune (pronounced [koˈmuːne]; pl.: comuni, pronounced [koˈmuːni]) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions (regioni) and provinces (province). The comune can also have the title of città (lit. 'city').

Formed praeter legem according to the principles consolidated in medieval municipalities, the comune is provided for by article 114 of the Constitution of Italy. It can be divided into frazioni, which in turn may have limited power due to special elective assemblies.

Santa Maria di Leuca, often spelled simply Leuca is a frazione of the comune of Castrignano del Capo, in the Salento peninsula (Apulia), southern Italy.A part of the town once belonged to the comune of Gagliano del Capo.

The territory between Otranto and Santa Maria di Leuca has become a Regional Natural Coastal Park of "Costa Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca e Bosco di Tricase". In this area, in the comune of Gagliano Del Capo, is located Ciolo.

The Caraceni or Caricini or Carricini were a tribe of the Italic Samnites. According to Salmon, their name comes from the Celtic carreg- and car- <Rock>. According to Ptolemy, they inhabited the most northern part of Samnium, bordering on the Peligni and the Frentani; but more especially the upper valley of the Sagrus (modern Sangro). The only city that he assigns to them is Aufidena. Zonaras describes them as possessing a town or stronghold, which was taken by the Roman consuls Q. Gallus and C. Fabius with difficulty. Aufidena has been identified with the modern Castel di Sangro, which seems, from the inscriptions and other remains discovered there, to have been an ancient town.

Their territory was delimited to the north and east from that of the Frentani, to the south from that of the Pentri, and to the west from that of the Peligni. The tribe divided itself in two groups: the "Car[r]icini supernates", which occupied the northern part of their eastern region centered on the city of Juvanum (whose remains are visible in the territory between the communes of Torricella Peligna and Montenerodomo); and the "Car[r]icini infernates" in the southern part, whose main center was Cluviae (whose ruins have been identified with those at Piano Laroma, a frazione of the commune of Casoli). This small community comprised part of the Samnite Confederation, the great antagonist of the Roman Republic, against which it participated in the Samnite Wars and the Social War. The territory of the Caraceni probably came to be occupied by the Romans in the course of the Second Samnite War (c. 310 BC), and the people were gradually assimilated into the Roman state.

In Ukraine, a hromada (громада [ɦrɔˈmadɐ]; lit. 'community') is the main type of municipality and the third level local self-government in Ukraine. The current hromadas were established by the Government of Ukraine on 12 June 2020.

A municipality is designated urban hromada if its administration is located in a city; settlement hromada if it is located in a settlement (selyshche), and rural hromada if it is located in a village (selo) or a selyshche. Hromadas are grouped to form raions (districts); groups of raions form oblasts (regions). Optionally, a municipality may be divided into starosta okruhs (similar to civil parishes in Great Britain or frazioni in Italy), which are the lowest level of local government in Ukraine.

Cumae (Ancient Greek: Κύμη, romanized: (Kumē) or Κύμαι (Kumai) or Κύμα (Kuma); Italian: Cuma) was the first ancient Greek colony of Magna Graecia on the mainland of Italy and was founded by settlers from Euboea in the 8th century BCE. It became a rich Roman city, the remains of which lie near the modern village of Cuma, a frazione of the comune Bacoli and Pozzuoli in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy. The archaeological museum of the Campi Flegrei in the Aragonese castle contains many finds from Cumae.

Sibari is an Italian frazione of the comune (municipality) of Cassano allo Ionio. It lies in the province of Cosenza which is part of the region Calabria.

Loreo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Venice and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Rovigo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,873 and an area of 39.6 square kilometres (15.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Loreo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Ca'Negra, Canalvecchio, Cavanella Po, Pilastro, Retinella, Sostegno, and Tornova.

Murano is a series of islands linked by bridges in the Venetian Lagoon, northern Italy. It lies about 1.5 km (1 mi) north of Venice and measures about 1.5 km (1 mi) across with a population of just over 5,000 (2004 figures). It is famous for its glass making. It was once an independent comune, but is now a frazione of the comune of Venice.

Bonassola (Ligurian: Bonasseua [bunaˈsøːa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of La Spezia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Genoa and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of La Spezia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 945 and an area of 9.3 square kilometres (3.6 sq mi).

The municipality of Bonassola contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Montaretto, Costella, Serra, Scernio, and San Giorgio.

Lanzo d'Intelvi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈlantso dinˈtɛlvi]) is a village in Italy and a former comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Como, on the border with Switzerland. It has been frazione of Alta Valle Intelvi since 2017.

This place near the Swiss border was chosen by rich Milan people of the early 20th century to build their own summer mansions. In Lanzo d'Intelvi there are a lot of old luxury liberty villas still original in their aspects.

The Republic of San Marino comprises nine castelli (lit. 'castles') as its first-level administrative divisions. Each castle is led by a castle captain (Italian: capitano di castello) and a castle council (giunta di castello), elected every five years.

Like Italian comuni, each castello has a capital (capoluogo), with other population centers sorted into curazie (equivalent to Italian frazioni). The country contains 44 curazie (sing. curazia), the lowest administrative unit beneath its castelli. Valdragone and Cailungo are divided into two curazie each, labelled di Sotto and di Sopra.

Metapontum or Metapontium (Ancient Greek: Μεταπόντιον, romanized: Metapontion) was an ancient city of Magna Graecia, situated on the gulf of Tarentum, between the river Bradanus and the Casuentus (modern Basento). It was distant about 20 km from Heraclea and 40 from Tarentum. The ruins of Metapontum are located in the frazione of Metaponto, in the comune of Bernalda, in the Province of Matera, Basilicata region, southern Italy.

Colbordolo is a frazione of the comune of Vallefoglia in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche. It was a separate comune until 2013.

Pesaro (Italian: [ˈpeːzaro] ; Romagnol: Pés're) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, capital of the province of Pesaro and Urbino, on the Adriatic Sea. According to the 2011 census, its population was 95,011, making it the second most populous city in the Marche, after Ancona. Pesaro was dubbed the "Cycling City" (città della bicicletta) by the Italian environmentalist association Legambiente in recognition of its extensive network of bicycle paths and promotion of cycling. It is also known as "City of Music" (città della musica), for it is the birthplace of the composer Gioachino Rossini. In 2015 the Italian Government applied for Pesaro to be declared a "Creative City" in UNESCO's World Heritage Sites. In 2017 Pesaro received the European City of Sport award together with Aosta, Cagliari and Vicenza.

Local industries include fishing, furniture making and tourism. In 2020 it absorbed the former comune of Monteciccardo, now a frazione of Pesaro. Its frazione of Fiorenzuola di Focara is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").