Ferik (Arabic: فريق, romanized: Fariq) is a military rank used in the militaries of many Arab nations, and formerly of the Ottoman Armed Forces. Usually, it ranks below Fariq 'awal (Arabic: فريق أول) and above Liwa (Arabic: لواء).
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👉 Ferik (rank) in the context of Fariq 'awal
Birindji ferik, birinci ferîk or ferîk-i evvel (corresponding to the earlier Ottoman rank of Serdar) was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. The title means "First Ferîk" and was senior to a Ferîk and junior only to the Müşîr (equivalent to Field Marshal).
The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and cap (until 1933) of a Birinci Ferîk had three stripes and three stars during the early years of the Turkish Republic.
In this Dossier
Ferik (rank) in the context of Senate of the Ottoman Empire
The Senate of the Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Turkish: مجلس اعیان, Heyet-i Ayan or Meclis-i Ayan; Turkish: Ayan Meclisi; lit. "Assembly of Notables"; French: Sénat) was the upper house of the parliament of the Ottoman Empire, the General Assembly. Its members were appointed notables in the Ottoman government who, along with the elected lower house Chamber of Deputies (Turkish: Meclis-i Mebusan), made up the General Assembly. It was created in its first incarnation according to the Ottoman constitution of 1876, which sought to reform the Ottoman Empire into a constitutional monarchy.
Members of the Senate were selected by the Sultan and their numbers were limited to one-third (1/3) of the membership of the representative Chamber of Deputies. Members and the president of the Senate were designated to be reliable and reputable leaders of the country, required to be at least 40 years old. Furthermore, according to the 62nd clause of the 1876 constitution, government ministers, provincial governors, military commanders, kazaskers, ambassadors, Eastern Orthodox patriarchs, rabbis, and army and navy feriks, if they met certain conditions, could also become Senate members through their offices.
Ferik (rank) in the context of Mirliva
Mirliva or Mîr-i livâ was a military rank of the Ottoman Army and Navy. It corresponds to brigadier general (modern Turkish: Tuğgeneral) and division general (modern Turkish: Tümgeneral) in the modern Turkish Army. Mirliva is a compound word composed of Mir (commander) and Liva (or Liwa, "brigade" in Arabic). The rank was junior to the Ferîk (Major General) and superior to the rank Miralay (Colonel) in the Ottoman Army and the pre-1935 Turkish Army.
Mirliva was the most junior general rank with the title Pasha.
Ferik (rank) in the context of Şükrü Naili Gökberk
Şükrü Naili Gökberk (1876 in Selanik, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman Empire – 26 October 1936 in Edirne, Turkey) was an officer of the Ottoman Army during World War I, reaching the rank of miralay (senior colonel / brigadier) on 1 September 1917; and of the Turkish Army during the Turkish War of Independence, reaching the rank of mirliva (brigadier general) on 31 August 1922. He was promoted to the rank of ferik (major general) on 30 August 1926.
He commanded a division of the Ottoman Army in the defense of the Gallipoli peninsula during the Gallipoli campaign of World War I. Towards the end of World War I, he was in the Palestinian front. He later fought in the Turkish War of Independence where he commanded the Turkish forces (3rd Corps) of the Ankara government which entered Istanbul with a ceremony on 6 October 1923, following the end of the city's occupation by the Allies of World War I.