Displaced people in the context of Internally displaced person

Goma is a city in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the capital and largest city of the North Kivu Province; it is located on the northern shore of Lake Kivu and shares borders with the Bukumu Chiefdom to the north, Rwanda to the east and the Masisi Territory to the west. The city lies in the Albertine Rift, the western branch of the East African Rift, and is only 13–18 km (8.1–11.2 mi) south of the active volcano Mount Nyiragongo. With an approximate area of 75.72 km (29.24 sq mi), the city had a population of 782,000 people in 2024,with an additional 500,000 displaced people.

Goma is administratively divided into two urban municipalities: Goma and Karisimbi, which are further subdivided into 18 quarters, colloquially recognized as "neighborhoods" in the English lexicon. The city is home to several notable landmarks, including Goma International Airport, the UNESCO World Heritage Site Virunga National Park, the private Christian co-educational school Adventist University of Goma, the University of Goma, and is also surrounded by the active Virunga volcanic range, which includes volcanoes Nyamulagira, Nyiragongo, Mikeno, Visoke, Gahinga, Karisimbi, and Sabinyo. Goma also hosts the annual Amani Festival, the Free University of the Great Lakes Countries, which supports local development initiatives, as well as the regional cultural center and art school, Foyer Culturel de Goma.

A migrant crisis occurs when large numbers of immigrants—including refugees, asylum seekers, or displaced persons—move into a destination country, often overwhelming its systems and communities. These movements are typically triggered by unrest, economic hardship, or political instability in the migrants' countries of origin. The sudden influx of people often strains public services, infrastructure, and social cohesion, placing undue pressure on citizens and local governments. These situations can also raise humanitarian concerns, as existing facilities are rarely equipped to handle large numbers effectively. Notable examples include the European migrant crisis, the English Channel migrant crossings, and post-World War II displacements.

A refugee crisis refers to a movement of "large" groups of displaced people, and may or may not involve a migrant crisis. Compared to refugee crisis (refugee is a refugee), migrant crises also have a separate or distinguish between the "deserving" refugee from the "undeserving" migrant and play into fear of cultural, religious, and ethnic difference in the midst of increasing intense, excessive, and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations and lacking in predictability, job security, material or psychological welfare for many in Europe (such in closure of Green Borders).