Codex Balduini Trevirensis in the context of Pope Clement V


Codex Balduini Trevirensis in the context of Pope Clement V

⭐ Core Definition: Codex Balduini Trevirensis

Codex Balduini Trevirensis (also known as the Balduineum, or as Codex Balduineus), is an illustrated chronicle made c. 1340 for Baldwin of Luxemburg, archbishop of Trier and brother of the late emperor Henry VII.

It covers Henry's Italian campaign of 1310–1313, in which Baldwin himself had been a participant. In this campaign, Henry sought papal coronation as emperor. He successfully brought Northern Italy under imperial control and was crowned King of Italy in Milan. He entered Rome by force, but as St Peter's Basilica remained in the hands of his enemies he was crowned emperor at the Lateran on 29 June 1312 by three cardinals of Pope Clement V (who was himself in exile at Avignon). Henry died from malaria a year later, still on campaign.

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Codex Balduini Trevirensis in the context of Italienzug

An Italienzug (also known as Romfahrt or Romzug in German, or as expeditio italica in Latin) was the expedition undertaken by an elected king of the Romans to be crowned by the pope as Holy Roman Emperor in the city of Rome. Prior to the reforms of Frederick Barbarossa, the kings of the Romans struggled to muster an army for the expedition, for they needed the formal approval of the Reichstag. If such approval was granted, the king had permission to recruit knights for their military service in Italy for 410 days.

However, the nobility was generally disinterested and inclined to rather substitute a monetary payment for the service. Therefore, the small force tended to be composed of mercenaries and high ranking clergymen, reinforced by loyal Italian cities. Occasionally, the substitution was not enough – Henry V ended up using his wife Matilda's dowry to fund his Italienzug.

View the full Wikipedia page for Italienzug
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